{ "publisher": "VaultRubric", "url": "https://vaultrubric.com", "generated": "2026-10-11", "license": "Free to use, quote and cite with attribution: 'Source: VaultRubric (vaultrubric.com)' and a link to the relevant vaultrubric.com page. Facts carry their original source URL and as-of date; scores are VaultRubric's methodology (https://vaultrubric.com/methodology). Not investment advice.", "methodology": "https://vaultrubric.com/methodology", "attribution": "Source: VaultRubric (vaultrubric.com)", "categories": { "exchanges": "https://vaultrubric.com/data/exchanges.json", "hardware-wallets": "https://vaultrubric.com/data/hardware-wallets.json", "software-wallets": "https://vaultrubric.com/data/software-wallets.json", "high-yield-savings": "https://vaultrubric.com/data/high-yield-savings.json", "brokerages": "https://vaultrubric.com/data/brokerages.json" }, "platforms": [ { "name": "Binance.US", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 68.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-06", "type": "Regulatory: SEC sued Binance/BAM Trading (Binance.US) for unregistered exchange/broker activity and misrepresenting trading controls; dismissed with prejudice 2025-05-29, no penalty", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-101-sec-files-13-charges-against-binance-entities-founder-changpeng-zhao" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.02% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Base rate for every user on all Advanced (spot) pairs since 2026-04-22, no volume tier or subscription; select pairs (e.g. BNB/USD) 0.01%. One Click Buy/Convert priced separately.", "sources": [ "https://blog.binance.us/zero-fee-trading/", "https://cointelegraph.com/news/binance-us-cuts-spot-trading-fees-to-near-zero-in-push-to-undercut-rivals" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7 No incidents collected for Binance.US itself (Binance global 2019 hot-wallet hack is a different entity).", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-101-sec-files-13-charges-against-binance-entities-founder-changpeng-zhao" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "190 assets (190+ cryptocurrencies (binance.us homepage)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.binance.us/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Users and reviews note simple interface and intuitive design for beginners.", "sources": [ "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/binance-us-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed reviews cite mediocre experiences and live chat limitations despite some positive feedback.", "sources": [ "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/binance-us-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in 38/50 states. Not available to new users in AK, CT, GA, ME, NY, NC, ND, OH, OR, TX, VT, WA (12); KS & WI crypto-only (no USD).", "sources": [ "https://support.binance.us/en/articles/9842798-list-of-supported-and-unsupported-states-and-regions" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×8.3 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.4 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×7.6 = 6.88 → 68.8%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Base rate for every user on all Advanced (spot) pairs since 2026-04-22, no volume tier or subscription; select pairs (e.g. BNB/USD) 0.01%. One Click Buy/Convert priced separately.", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "US-only entity; not in 12 states", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Kraken", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 64.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-06", "type": "treasury loss" }, { "date": "2026-04", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-02", "type": "Regulatory: SEC settlement over unregistered staking-as-a-service: $30M, US staking program ended", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-25" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.1, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.8% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Kraken Pro base tier; sources disagree (0.25/0.40 vs 0.40/0.80). Simple buys ~1% fee + 1% spread per Yahoo.", "sources": [ "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa", "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited, −0.25 treasury loss (2024-06), −0.5 data breach (2026-04), −1 civil settlement (2023-02)", "sources": [ "https://www.theblock.co/post/300888/kraken-discloses-bug-exploited-for-nearly-3-million", "https://www.theblock.co/news/regulation/2026-04-13-kraken-security-says-exchange-wont-negotiate-faces-extortion-threat-397260", "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-25", "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "523 assets (500+ (Datawallet), 200+ (Yahoo)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "User-friendly for beginners with intuitive interfaces and easy upgrade to Pro", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/kraken-investing-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/kraken-exchange-review", "https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/cryptocurrency/kraken-review", "https://www.finder.com/ca/cryptocurrency/exchanges/kraken-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). Kraken lists United States among jurisdictions where it holds authorizations (some state restrictions apply)", "sources": [ "https://support.kraken.com/articles/where-is-kraken-licensed-or-regulated", "https://www.mexc.com/learn/article/best-crypto-exchange-alternatives-2026-are-you-paying-24x-too-much-to-trade-/1" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.1 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×7.6 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.8 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.45 → 64.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-06", "type": "treasury_loss", "summary": "Deposit bug exploited for ~$3M from Kraken treasury (not client assets); funds returned", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/post/300888/kraken-discloses-bug-exploited-for-nearly-3-million", "type": "third_party" } ] }, { "date": "2026-04", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Insider-filmed support systems; ~2,000 accounts potentially viewed; extortion attempt; no funds at risk", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/regulation/2026-04-13-kraken-security-says-exchange-wont-negotiate-faces-extortion-threat-397260", "type": "third_party" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Kraken Pro base tier; sources disagree (0.25/0.40 vs 0.40/0.80). Simple buys ~1% fee + 1% spread per Yahoo.", "price": null, "regulation": [ "Regulated in multiple jurisdictions (FCA, FinCEN-registered per Rononcrypto)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "Kraken lists United States among jurisdictions where it holds authorizations (some state restrictions apply)", "regions": null } }, { "name": "eToro", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 62.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 1.0% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. 1% trading fee", "sources": [ "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "110 assets (110+); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Intuitive UI, social features, and beginner-friendly design praised across reviews.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/uk/cryptocurrency/exchanges/etoro-cryptocurrency-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Live chat for funded users and educational resources, but mixed app reviews and BBB complaints.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/uk/etoro-cryptocurrency-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). Crypto via eToro USA LLC; state-specific licensing on the disclosures page", "sources": [ "https://www.etoro.com/en-us/customer-service/state-disclosures/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×0.9 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×5.8 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.28 → 62.8%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "1% trading fee", "price": null, "regulation": [ "eToro USA LLC and eToro NY LLC registered as MSBs with FinCEN (NMLS 1769299 / 1900938)", "eToro NY: NYDFS money transmitter + BitLicense", "State money transmitter licenses" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "Crypto via eToro USA LLC; state-specific licensing on the disclosures page", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Robinhood Crypto", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 61.7, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2021-11", "type": "data breach" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found — No commission; cost is in the spread (Datawallet test buys ~0.5% all-in). Not directly comparable to maker/taker, so fee score = not found.", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −0.5 no proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited, 0 data breach (2021-11, >48 months, no customer funds lost)", "sources": [ "https://www.robinhood.com/us/en/newsroom/robinhood-announces-data-security-incident-update", "https://www.reuters.com/technology/robinhood-says-email-addresses-5-mln-customers-exposed-data-security-incident-2021-11-08/", "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "81 assets (63 (Yahoo), 45+ (Datawallet)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/reviews/robinhood", "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/robinhood-crypto-review", "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/best/crypto-exchanges-platforms" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed reviews on customer service accessibility and responsiveness", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/ca/app/robinhood-buy-sell-crypto/id6467049008" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). Listed among US exchanges; NYDFS BitLicense", "sources": [ "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×7.5 + 0.167×5.4 + 0.167×8.2 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.17 → 61.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2021-11", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Robinhood (parent) support systems accessed via social engineering: ~5M email addresses and ~2M names exposed; no SSNs or bank numbers, no financial loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.robinhood.com/us/en/newsroom/robinhood-announces-data-security-incident-update", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.reuters.com/technology/robinhood-says-email-addresses-5-mln-customers-exposed-data-security-incident-2021-11-08/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "No commission; cost is in the spread (Datawallet test buys ~0.5% all-in). Not directly comparable to maker/taker, so fee score = not found.", "price": null, "regulation": [ "NYDFS BitLicense" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "Listed among US exchanges; NYDFS BitLicense", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Bitstamp", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 61.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2015-01", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.4% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Order book, <$10k 30-day volume", "sources": [ "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, −3 customer funds loss (2015-01)", "sources": [ "https://blog.bitstamp.net/post/bitstamp-is-open-for-business-better-than-ever/", "https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/05/bitstamp-bitcoin-exchange-hack/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "117 assets (Distinct base assets with trading enabled (official trading-pairs API)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.bitstamp.net/api/v2/trading-pairs-info/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multiple sources highlight user-friendly interface for beginners with low learning curve.", "sources": [ "https://www.fool.com/money/cryptocurrency/bitstamp-review?luri=%2Fcryptocurrency%2Freviews%2F&furi=%2Fcryptocurrency%2Freviews%2F&fuuid=9a8de6cd-b8ab-43ac-a7bc-8e284def247b&luuid=9a8de6cd-b8ab-43ac-a7bc-8e284def247b%3Cyp%3Dtxt" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "24/7 customer support via phone/email is consistently noted across reviews.", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/bitstamp-crypto-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). Served via Bitstamp USA, Inc. (NYDFS-licensed)", "sources": [ "https://www.bitstamp.net/legal/", "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.0 + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×5.8 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.13 → 61.3%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2015-01", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Hot (operational) wallets compromised; ~18,866 BTC (~$5.3M) stolen. Bitstamp covered the loss from its reserves and honored customer balances in full", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.bitstamp.net/post/bitstamp-is-open-for-business-better-than-ever/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://techcrunch.com/2015/01/05/bitstamp-bitcoin-exchange-hack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Order book, <$10k 30-day volume", "price": null, "regulation": [ "CSSF (Luxembourg) payment institution + crypto-asset service provider (MiCA)", "FCA-registered (UK)", "MAS major payment institution (Singapore)", "Bitstamp USA: NYDFS virtual currency license" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "Served via Bitstamp USA, Inc. (NYDFS-licensed)", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Uphold", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 60.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2022-07", "type": "data breach" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 3.8% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. 1.8%–3.8% trading fee (highest used)", "sources": [ "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited, 0 data breach (2022-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost)", "sources": [ "https://uphold.com/en-us/blog/security/incident-at-third-party-firm", "https://uphold.com/en-us/transparency" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "250 assets (250+); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multiple independent reviews highlight intuitive interface, easy onboarding, and seamless UX for beginners.", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/uphold-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Reviews note limited options like email/chatbot only, slow responses, and mixed user feedback on effectiveness.", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/reviews/uphold" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). US entity licensed/registered per Uphold transparency page", "sources": [ "https://uphold.com/en-us/transparency" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×0.3 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×6.7 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.00 → 60.0%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2022-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party email vendor (Customer.io) insider leaked Uphold customer email addresses; Uphold says it was not hacked and no funds were stolen", "sources": [ { "url": "https://uphold.com/en-us/blog/security/incident-at-third-party-firm", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "1.8%–3.8% trading fee (highest used)", "price": null, "regulation": [ "Operating entities licensed or registered in the US, UK, EU and the Bahamas; subject to regular US state audits" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "US entity licensed/registered per Uphold transparency page", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coinbase", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 59.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-05", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-01", "type": "Regulatory: NYDFS consent order over compliance (AML/KYC) failures: $50M penalty + $50M compliance investment", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.dfs.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2023/01/ea20230104_coinbase.pdf" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 1.2% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Coinbase Advanced base tier; sources disagree (0.40/0.60 vs 0.60/1.20). Simple buys: ~0.84% fee + ~1% spread per Yahoo.", "sources": [ "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa", "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, +0.5 insurance cited, −0.5 data breach (2025-05), −1 civil settlement (2023-01)", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1679788/000167978825000094/coin-20250514.htm", "https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/national/2025/05/16/823970.htm", "https://www.dfs.ny.gov/system/files/documents/2023/01/ea20230104_coinbase.pdf" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "271 assets (300+ (Yahoo)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "User-friendly for beginners with intuitive interface and educational resources", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/coinbase-investing-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Poor reputation with difficult access to human support and many unresolved complaints", "sources": [ "https://www.cnbc.com/select/coinbase-crypto-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in 50/50 states. Regulation: Public company (Nasdaq-listed per Datawallet: 'S&P 500 listed'); NY BitLicense", "sources": [ "https://finance.yahoo.com/personal-finance/investing/article/best-crypto-exchanges-154453640.html" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×0.8 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.8 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 5.93 → 59.3%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2025-05", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Bribed overseas support contractors leaked customer data (~69k accounts); no passwords/keys/funds accessed; est. cost up to $400M", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1679788/000167978825000094/coin-20250514.htm", "type": "official" }, { "url": "https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/national/2025/05/16/823970.htm", "type": "third_party" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Coinbase Advanced base tier; sources disagree (0.40/0.60 vs 0.60/1.20). Simple buys: ~0.84% fee + ~1% spread per Yahoo.", "price": null, "regulation": [ "Public company (Nasdaq-listed per Datawallet: 'S&P 500 listed')", "NY BitLicense" ], "insurance": "Crime insurance for crypto; FDIC insurance for USD cash balances (per Yahoo)", "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "All 50 states", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Swyftx", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 56.2, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.6% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Tiered 0.1%–0.6% by 30-day volume; base tier 0.6%", "sources": [ "https://swyftx.com/au/fees-and-pricing" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "410 assets (410+); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cryptoreview.com.au/reviews/coinspot.html" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple independent reviews praise intuitive interface, easy setup, and beginner-friendly features.", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/swyftx.com?page=4" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. User reports frequently highlight responsive, helpful Australian customer service with quick resolutions.", "sources": [ "https://au.trustpilot.com/review/swyftx.com?page=5" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.4 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.3 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 5.62 → 56.2% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Tiered 0.1%–0.6% by 30-day volume; base tier 0.6%", "price": null, "regulation": [ "AUSTRAC-registered crypto exchange", "ISO 27001 certified" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": "Australia" } }, { "name": "Gemini", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 55.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2022/2023", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2024-06", "type": "Regulatory: NY Attorney General settlement over Gemini Earn: $50M", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://coingeek.com/sec-dumps-more-lawsuits-but-not-everyone-done-with-the-whip/" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "Regulatory: CFTC settlement over false/misleading statements in a derivatives product certification: $5M", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://coingeek.com/sec-dumps-more-lawsuits-but-not-everyone-done-with-the-whip/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 1.2% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. ActiveTrader base tier; sources disagree (0.20/0.40 vs 0.60/1.20, latter citing schedule dated 2026-09-01). Simple app: $0.99–$2.99 flat or 1.49% + 0.5% convenience fee (Finder).", "sources": [ "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa", "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges", "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, +0.5 insurance cited, −0.25 data breach (2022/2023), −1 civil settlement (2024-06), −1 civil settlement (2025-01)", "sources": [ "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-03-03-gemini-says-third-party-incidents-resulted-in-phishing-scam-targeting-european-users-216947", "https://coingeek.com/sec-dumps-more-lawsuits-but-not-everyone-done-with-the-whip/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "81 assets (80+ / 90+); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "User-friendly for beginners with simple interface and high app ratings", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/gemini-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Lacks phone support, slow responses, poor BBB rating and complaints", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/gemini-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in 50/50 states. Regulation: NYDFS trust charter; Nasdaq-listed", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×0.8 + 0.167×6.2 + 0.167×5.4 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 5.57 → 55.7%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2022/2023", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party vendor incidents leaked customer names/emails/partial phones; phishing followed; no accounts accessed", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-03-03-gemini-says-third-party-incidents-resulted-in-phishing-scam-targeting-european-users-216947", "type": "third_party" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "ActiveTrader base tier; sources disagree (0.20/0.40 vs 0.60/1.20, latter citing schedule dated 2026-09-01). Simple app: $0.99–$2.99 flat or 1.49% + 0.5% convenience fee (Finder).", "price": null, "regulation": [ "NYDFS trust charter", "Nasdaq-listed" ], "insurance": "Assets in Gemini custody are insured (per Finder)", "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "All 50 states", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Bitvavo", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 55.5, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.25% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. €0+ 30-day volume tier", "sources": [ "https://bitvavo.com/en/fees" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [ "https://exchangeflow.co/exchanges/comparison/bitvavo-vs-bitpanda" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "427 assets (450+ trading pairs (CoinMarketCap)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cryptowinrate.com/comparisons/bitpanda-vs-bitvavo/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple users praise platform as easy for beginners and reliable.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/bitvavo.com" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Replies to reviews are common but some note limited hours and vague responses.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/bitvavo.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×7.4 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 5.55 → 55.5% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "€0+ 30-day volume tier", "price": null, "regulation": [ "MiCA licence (Dutch AFM)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": "Netherlands", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Gate", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 55.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot regular; 0.09% paying in GT", "sources": [ "https://jason-finance.com/en/exchange-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [ "https://www.gate.com/proof-of-reserves" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3,600 assets (CONFLICT: Gate's own figure 3,600 used; third parties report 1,700-2,100); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cex-compare.com/en/compare/gate-vs-htx/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Difficult navigation and not beginner-friendly despite some positive app ratings", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/gateio-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed reviews with slow responses, frozen accounts, but some resolutions and 24/7 availability", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/gate.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 5.50 → 55.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Spot regular; 0.09% paying in GT", "price": null, "regulation": [ "8 licences/registrations incl. Malta/EEA, Dubai, Gibraltar, Bahamas, Japan, Australia, Cyprus, Hong Kong" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": "Separate Gate US entity serves only jurisdictions where licensed; not verified per state", "regions": null } }, { "name": "MEXC", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 54.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.05% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot base; 20% off paying in MX", "sources": [ "https://jason-finance.com/en/exchange-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,500 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "App and platform praised for smooth interface and beginner accessibility", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/mexc-buy-bitcoin-crypto/id1605393003?see-all=reviews&platform=iphone" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Customer service described as slow, obscure policies, and lacking transparency", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.mexc.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US listed as Prohibited Jurisdiction", "sources": [ "https://www.mexc.com/en-GB/terms" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×6.7 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.9 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 5.43 → 54.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Spot base; 20% off paying in MX", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": "US listed as Prohibited Jurisdiction", "regions": "Prohibited: US, UK, Canada, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, mainland China, Kazakhstan and others" } }, { "name": "OKX US", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 53.7, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.35% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Regular U.S. tier", "sources": [ "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Intuitive interface praised but complex for beginners and some fee/withdrawal issues noted.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/okx-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple user complaints about poor, unresponsive, and unhelpful customer service.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/okx.com?page=3" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). OKX INC.; not in NY, TX and some territories", "sources": [ "https://www.okx.com/help/us-licenses" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.2 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.37 → 53.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Regular U.S. tier", "price": null, "regulation": [ "OKX INC. registered as a Money Services Business with FinCEN", "Licensed in listed U.S. jurisdictions (NMLS# 1767779)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "OKX INC.; not in NY, TX and some territories", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Crypto.com", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 53.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2022-01", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.5% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Exchange base tier; app buys ~0.8% fee + ~1% spread (Yahoo).", "sources": [ "https://www.datawallet.com/crypto/best-crypto-exchanges-usa", "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, −3 customer funds loss (2022-01)", "sources": [ "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/cryptocom-confirms-483-accounts-hacked-34-million-withdrawn/", "https://decrypt.co/90786/crypto-com-confirms-exchange-lost-nearly-34m-hackers" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "442 assets (); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Intuitive app and interface praised for beginners, though US users limited to mobile.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer service is limited, mostly pre-written chat responses, with complaints of dishonesty.", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/cryptocom-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). Crypto.com Exchange (U.S.) with ACH funding", "sources": [ "https://kriptometa.com/en/best-crypto-exchanges" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.7 + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×7.4 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.35 → 53.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2022-01", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "2FA bypass: unauthorized withdrawals (~$34M) from 483 accounts; all affected accounts fully reimbursed", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/cryptocom-confirms-483-accounts-hacked-34-million-withdrawn/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://decrypt.co/90786/crypto-com-confirms-exchange-lost-nearly-34m-hackers", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Exchange base tier; app buys ~0.8% fee + ~1% spread (Yahoo).", "price": null, "regulation": [ "CFTC-registered derivatives arm (per Datawallet)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": true, "us_note": "Crypto.com Exchange (U.S.) with ACH funding", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Bitpanda", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 53.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 1.49% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Retail app ~1.49% all-in (fee+spread); Bitpanda Pro 0.05%/0.10%", "sources": [ "https://skrumble.com/crypto-exchanges/bitpanda-review/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −0.5 no proof of reserves, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [ "https://exchangeflow.co/exchanges/comparison/bitvavo-vs-bitpanda" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "575 assets (568 (exchangeflow)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cryptowinrate.com/comparisons/bitpanda-vs-bitvavo/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multiple independent reviews highlight intuitive interface and beginner-friendly design.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/bitpanda-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. User reviews praise responsive and helpful support, though some note slow responses and no live chat.", "sources": [ "https://ie.trustpilot.com/review/www.bitpanda.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US persons excluded", "sources": [ "https://www.bitpanda.com/en/legal/bitpanda-group-general-terms-conditions", "https://www.buybitcoinsmart.com/exchanges/bitpanda/united-states" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×0.6 + 0.167×7.5 + 0.167×7.8 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 5.32 → 53.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Retail app ~1.49% all-in (fee+spread); Bitpanda Pro 0.05%/0.10%", "price": null, "regulation": [ "MiCA licence (Austrian FMA)", "BaFin and MFSA authorizations for group entities" ], "insurance": null, "hq": "Vienna, Austria", "us": false, "us_note": "US persons excluded", "regions": null } }, { "name": "CoinSpot", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 52.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-11", "type": "hot wallet breach" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Market orders 0.1%; limit/stop/take-profit orders 1%; instant buy/sell/swap 1%", "sources": [ "https://www.coinspot.com.au/fees" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −0.25 hot wallet breach (2023-11)", "sources": [ "https://cointelegraph.com/news/australia-crypto-exchange-coinspot-suffers-hot-wallet-hack-exploit-report" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "490 assets (490+); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cryptoreview.com.au/reviews/coinspot.html" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple users praise simple navigation, quick setup, and intuitive interface for buying crypto.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/www.coinspot.com.au?page=3" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Positive mentions of responsive support contrast with complaints of delays, phone demands, and inadequate security reviews.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.coinspot.com.au?page=10" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. Terms: platform designed for Australian residents, not offered to persons residing outside Australia", "sources": [ "https://www.coinspot.com.au/terms" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×6.8 + 0.167×7.6 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 5.23 → 52.3%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-11", "type": "hot_wallet_breach", "summary": "~1,283 ETH (~$2.4M) drained from two CoinSpot hot wallets (probable private-key compromise per CertiK); CoinSpot has not published a post-mortem and no customer losses were reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://cointelegraph.com/news/australia-crypto-exchange-coinspot-suffers-hot-wallet-hack-exploit-report", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Market orders 0.1%; limit/stop/take-profit orders 1%; instant buy/sell/swap 1%", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Melbourne, Australia", "us": false, "us_note": "Terms: platform designed for Australian residents, not offered to persons residing outside Australia", "regions": "Australia" } }, { "name": "bitFlyer", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 50.7, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "7 assets (Order-book spot assets in official markets API (Japan); bitFlyer USA lists BTC, ETH only); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.bitflyer.com/v1/markets" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Simple platform good for beginners but verification and app issues reported", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/bitflyer-usa-crypto-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Limited support options with complaints about transparency and response failures", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/bitflyer-usa-crypto-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "available in the US (state coverage not verified, scored 7). bitFlyer USA, licensed states only", "sources": [ "https://bitflyer.com/en-us/faq/account_us" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×2.5 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.07 → 50.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": [ "Japan crypto-asset exchange service provider, Kanto Finance Bureau No. 00003", "Type 1 Financial Instruments Business, Kanto FIBO No. 3294" ], "insurance": null, "hq": "Japan", "us": true, "us_note": "bitFlyer USA, licensed states only", "regions": null } }, { "name": "CoinDCX", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 49.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-07", "type": "treasury loss" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, −0.5 treasury loss (2025-07)", "sources": [ "https://coindcx.com/blog/announcements/a-transparent-update-on-the-recent-security-incident-answering-all-your-questions", "https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/coindcx-hit-by-442-mn-security-breach-founders-say-customer-funds-unaffected-safe/article69835888.ece" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "642 assets (Distinct target assets in official markets API (spot)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.coindcx.com/exchange/v1/markets_details" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.1, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. ", "sources": [ "https://ie.trustpilot.com/review/www.coindcx.com?page=3", "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.coindcx.com?page=7", "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/coindcx-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Frequent complaints about poor, slow, or rude customer service", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/www.coindcx.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. ", "sources": [ "https://cryptooverlook.com/exchanges/coindcx" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×7.5 + 0.167×7.9 + 0.167×9.1 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.90 → 49.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2025-07", "type": "treasury_loss", "summary": "~$44M stolen from an internal operational (liquidity) account; customer wallets unaffected, loss absorbed from CoinDCX treasury", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coindcx.com/blog/announcements/a-transparent-update-on-the-recent-security-incident-answering-all-your-questions", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/coindcx-hit-by-442-mn-security-breach-founders-say-customer-funds-unaffected-safe/article69835888.ece", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": [ "Registered reporting entity with FIU-India (REID VA00030982)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": "Mumbai, India", "us": false, "us_note": null, "regions": "Primarily India; international users via passport KYC" } }, { "name": "Bitfinex", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 48.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2016-08", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.0% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. 0% maker and taker on spot, no VIP tiers", "sources": [ "https://jason-finance.com/en/exchange-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2016-08)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user feedback on interface and verification delays", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.bitfinex.com" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Reviews show fast responses but also unhelpful, rude, and slow resolution", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/www.bitfinex.com?page=5" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US persons prohibited", "sources": [ "https://support.bitfinex.com/hc/en-us/articles/115003461254-U-S-Person-Frequently-Asked-Questions-FAQ" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.83 → 48.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2016-08", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "119,756 BTC stolen; losses socialized, later repaid via tokens", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "0% maker and taker on spot, no VIP tiers", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "British Virgin Islands", "us": false, "us_note": "US persons prohibited", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Mercado Bitcoin", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 46.7, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.7% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Classic/PRO order book, level 1 (0–R$10k/30d): 0.30% maker, 0.70% taker; quick trade 0.7%–3%", "sources": [ "https://www.mercadobitcoin.com.br/taxas-contas-limites" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,370 assets (Base symbols in official v4 symbols API; includes tokenized/RWA and fan tokens, not only cryptocurrencies); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.mercadobitcoin.net/api/v4/symbols" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. User-friendly for beginners with modern interface and simple modes", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.mercadobitcoin.com.br" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed feedback with some criticism on response times but positive claims on 24/7 service", "sources": [ "https://www.weusecoins.com/exchanges/mercado-bitcoin" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.2 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.8 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 4.67 → 46.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Classic/PRO order book, level 1 (0–R$10k/30d): 0.30% maker, 0.70% taker; quick trade 0.7%–3%", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Brazil", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "OKX", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 45.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-02", "type": "Regulatory: Pleaded guilty to operating an unlicensed money transmitting business serving US users; ~$505M ($84M fine + $420M forfeiture)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/media/1390641/dl" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot Group 1, Regular user", "sources": [ "https://axis-intelligence.com/crypto-exchange-fees/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, −2 criminal plea (2025-02) Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [ "https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/media/1390641/dl", "https://coinvetted.com/learn/crypto-exchange-fee-transparency-report-2026" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "320 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed: intuitive for some but daunting for beginners with complex features", "sources": [ "https://www.forbes.com/advisor/au/investing/cryptocurrency/okx-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Frequent complaints about slow responses, frozen accounts, and poor service", "sources": [ "https://www.forbes.com/advisor/au/investing/cryptocurrency/okx-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. Global OKX not available in the US (only OKX US entity)", "sources": [ "https://www.okx.com/help/us-risk-and-compliance-disclosures" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.50 → 45.0%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Spot Group 1, Regular user", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": "Global OKX not available in the US (only OKX US entity)", "regions": "Restricted locations include Canada, France, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria and others" } }, { "name": "Bitget", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 45.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-09", "type": "hacked, customers reimbursed" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot base; 0.08% paying in BGB", "sources": [ "https://axis-intelligence.com/crypto-exchange-fees/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2026-09)", "sources": [ "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-steal-3516-million-in-bitget-crypto-exchange-hack/", "https://postmortem.io/incidents/bitget--2026-09-24--hot-wallet-theft-via-third-party-security-product/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "300 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users consistently praise clean interface and smooth navigation for beginners and traders.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/web3.bitget.com" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple complaints about poor communication, delays, unhelpful responses and lack of escalation.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.bitget.site" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US (and territories) listed as Prohibited Countries", "sources": [ "https://www.bitget.com/terms/legal/360014944032" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.50 → 45.0%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-09", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$388M stolen from hot/warm wallets via zero-day in third-party security appliances; User Protection Fund to cover all losses, user balances unaffected", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-steal-3516-million-in-bitget-crypto-exchange-hack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "User Protection Fund will cover all losses" }, { "url": "https://postmortem.io/incidents/bitget--2026-09-24--hot-wallet-theft-via-third-party-security-product/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "user account balances remain unaffected" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Spot base; 0.08% paying in BGB", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": "US (and territories) listed as Prohibited Countries", "regions": "Prohibited incl. US, Canada, France, Germany, Austria, Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand" } }, { "name": "Luno", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 44.8, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Exchange tier 1 in UK/AU: 0.10% taker, 0% maker; fees vary by country (instant buy costs more)", "sources": [ "https://guide.luno.com/hc/en-gb/articles/14962740858397-Luno-fees-and-limits-in-the-UK" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "54 assets (Distinct base assets in official exchange markets API); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.luno.com/api/exchange/1/markets" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple users praise simplicity and ease for beginners over competitors", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/www.luno.com?page=6" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed feedback with slow responses and complaints of ignored requests despite company replies to reviews", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.luno.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×4.9 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 4.48 → 44.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Exchange tier 1 in UK/AU: 0.10% taker, 0% maker; fees vary by country (instant buy costs more)", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": "Licensed in South Africa; regulated in Malaysia; UK customers" } }, { "name": "Independent Reserve", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 42.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.5% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Trading fee starts at 0.5%, down to 0.02% with volume (AU schedule)", "sources": [ "https://www.independentreserve.com/au/fees" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited Incident history not collected for this platform yet.", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "45 assets (Valid primary currency codes (official public API)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.independentreserve.com/Public/GetValidPrimaryCurrencyCodes" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users praise interface and ease for beginners, though some report withdrawal difficulties.", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/www.independentreserve.com?page=2" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed feedback with slow responses and lackluster support in complaints, some positive replies noted.", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/www.independentreserve.com?page=5" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.7 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.7 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 4.23 → 42.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": "Trading fee starts at 0.5%, down to 0.02% with volume (AU schedule)", "price": null, "regulation": [ "Registered Digital Currency Exchange with AUSTRAC (DCE-100461150-001)" ], "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": "AUD, NZD, SGD, USD funding" } }, { "name": "KuCoin", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 42.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-09", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "Regulatory: Pleaded guilty to operating an unlicensed money transmitting business; ~$297M fines/forfeiture, exit US for 2 years", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.reuters.com/technology/kucoin-pleads-guilty-agrees-pay-nearly-300-million-us-crypto-case-2025-01-27/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot Class A coins Level 0; Class B/C 0.2%/0.3%", "sources": [ "https://axis-intelligence.com/crypto-exchange-fees/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, −3 customer funds loss (2020-09), −2 criminal plea (2025-01)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "https://www.reuters.com/technology/kucoin-pleads-guilty-agrees-pay-nearly-300-million-us-crypto-case-2025-01-27/", "https://coinvetted.com/learn/crypto-exchange-fee-transparency-report-2026" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "400 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Simple onboarding but overwhelming for beginners and US restrictions complicate access", "sources": [ "https://www.benzinga.com/money/kucoin-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "24/7 support available but frequent user complaints of poor response, account locks, and unresolved issues", "sources": [ "https://www.businessinsider.com/personal-finance/investing/kucoin-review" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US accounts closed Jan 2025; CFTC permanent injunction", "sources": [ "https://www.kucoin.com/announcement/us-ip-access-restrictions-and-guidance-on-asset-withdrawals-for-users-in-the-united-states", "https://www.kucoin.com/legal/terms-of-use" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.3 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.22 → 42.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-09", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$280M hot-wallet breach; ~84% recovered, exchange covered rest", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Spot Class A coins Level 0; Class B/C 0.2%/0.3%", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": "US accounts closed Jan 2025; CFTC permanent injunction", "regions": "Restricted: US, Singapore, mainland China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ontario, BC, France, Netherlands" } }, { "name": "HTX", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 41.8, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-09", "type": "hacked, customers reimbursed" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.2% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot Prime0; 25% off paying in HTX token", "sources": [ "https://jason-finance.com/en/exchange-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, −3 customer funds loss (2023-09)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "https://blog.ueex.com/crypto-hacks/", "https://www.htx.com/en-us/proof-of-reserve" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "600 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://cex-compare.com/en/compare/gate-vs-htx/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed feedback on interface intuitiveness and mobile experience, complex for beginners", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/huobi-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Predominantly negative user reports of ignored requests, slow responses, and poor handling of issues.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/htx.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.3 + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×7.8 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 4.18 → 41.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-09", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "Hot-wallet breach (~$8M HTX; ~$110M incl. Heco bridge); customers reimbursed", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "$110M, reimbursed Yes" }, { "url": "https://blog.ueex.com/crypto-hacks/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "$7.9M" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Spot Prime0; 25% off paying in HTX token", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Seychelles", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Bybit", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 41.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-02", "type": "hacked, customers reimbursed" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot crypto pairs VIP 0; fiat-crypto 0.15/0.20", "sources": [ "https://axis-intelligence.com/crypto-exchange-fees/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, −3 customer funds loss (2025-02)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "https://cryptouniversity.network/guides/biggest-crypto-exchange-hacks-history", "https://coinvetted.com/learn/crypto-exchange-fee-transparency-report-2026" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "280 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed: simple for basic buys but complex for derivatives and steep learning curve", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/bybit-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Profound dissatisfaction with slow, scripted responses and prolonged fund freezes", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/www.bybit.eu?page=4" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. ", "sources": [ "https://www.bybit.com/en/help-center/article/Service-Restricted-Countries" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×6.9 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 4.15 → 41.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2025-02", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$1.4B ETH/stETH stolen from cold wallet via compromised Safe{Wallet} UI (Lazarus); covered from reserves", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "Customers reimbursed: Yes" }, { "url": "https://cryptouniversity.network/guides/biggest-crypto-exchange-hacks-history", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Spot crypto pairs VIP 0; fiat-crypto 0.15/0.20", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": null, "regions": "Excluded: US, mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada, North Korea, Cuba, Iran, Uzbekistan and others" } }, { "name": "Revolut", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 39.8, "data_coverage_pct": 50, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2022-09", "type": "data breach" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, 0 data breach (2022-09, >48 months, no customer funds lost)", "sources": [ "https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/20/revolut-cyberattack-thousands-exposed/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed feedback on app convenience vs crypto trading costs and technical issues", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/www.revolut.com" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Frequent complaints about poor customer service, account locks, and lack of real human support", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/Revolut/comments/1h7c462/do_not_do_crypto_with_revolut_plus_their_customer" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 3.98 → 39.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2022-09", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Cyberattack exposed personal data of ~50,150 customers; no funds stolen", "sources": [ { "url": "https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/20/revolut-cyberattack-thousands-exposed/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "United Kingdom", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Bithumb", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 39.2, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2019-03", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2019-03)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "487 assets (KRW-market assets (official ticker API)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.bithumb.com/public/ticker/ALL_KRW" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "User-friendly interface but frequent outages and errors disrupt trading", "sources": [ "https://cointelegraph.com/rankings/crypto-exchanges/exchange/bithumb" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple user complaints about unresponsive and poor quality support", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/bithumb.com?page=2" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. ", "sources": [ "https://brokerrank.net/broker/bithumb/usa" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×7.6 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 3.92 → 39.2% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2019-03", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$19M insider-linked EOS/XRP theft", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Seoul, South Korea", "us": false, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "WazirX", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 35.8, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2024-07", "summary": "~$235M stolen from multisig wallet (Liminal setup); restructuring with partial payouts", "months_ago": 27, "reimbursed": false }, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2024-07)", "sources": [ "https://cryptouniversity.network/guides/biggest-crypto-exchange-hacks-history" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "224 assets (Distinct base assets with status 'trading' (official exchangeInfo API)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.wazirx.com/sapi/v1/exchangeInfo" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed feedback on interface and deposit issues despite some positive notes", "sources": [ "https://www.forbes.com/advisor/in/investing/cryptocurrency/wazirx-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Overwhelming user complaints about poor, unresponsive, and unhelpful customer support", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/wazirx.com?page=3" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. US clients not permitted; trading partially suspended", "sources": [ "https://cryptogeek.info/pt/compare-exchanges/upbit-vs-wazirx" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×6.6 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 3.58 → 35.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-07", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$235M stolen from multisig wallet (Liminal setup); restructuring with partial payouts", "customers_reimbursed": false, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptouniversity.network/guides/biggest-crypto-exchange-hacks-history", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "says": "Restructuring with partial payouts" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "India", "us": false, "us_note": "US clients not permitted; trading partially suspended", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Binance", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 35.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2019-05", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" }, { "date": "2023-11", "type": "Regulatory: Pleaded guilty to BSA/AML, unlicensed money transmitting and sanctions (IEEPA) violations; $4.3B penalties; founder CZ pleaded guilty and was sentenced to 4 months", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.justice.gov/criminal/case/united-states-v-changpeng-zhao" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base taker fee (highest reported) 0.1% vs lowest in comparison 0.0%. Spot, Regular user; 0.075% when paying fees in BNB", "sources": [ "https://axis-intelligence.com/crypto-exchange-fees/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 proof of reserves, −3 customer funds loss (2019-05), −2 criminal plea (2023-11)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "https://www.justice.gov/criminal/case/united-states-v-changpeng-zhao", "https://coinvetted.com/learn/crypto-exchange-fee-transparency-report-2026" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "350 assets (None); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://en.coinotag.com/guide/crypto-exchange-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "UI described as difficult to navigate and overwhelming, especially for beginners", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/exchanges/binance-exchange-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Consistent complaints about poor, slow, unresponsive customer support and verification issues", "sources": [ "https://revieweek.com/binance-complaints" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. Global exchange does not serve US; US users use separate Binance.US", "sources": [ "https://www.mexc.com/learn/article/best-crypto-exchange-alternatives-2026-are-you-paying-24x-too-much-to-trade-/1" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 3.53 → 35.3%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2019-05", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "7,000 BTC (~$40M) hot-wallet breach; covered", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": "Spot, Regular user; 0.075% when paying fees in BNB", "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": false, "us_note": "Global exchange does not serve US; US users use separate Binance.US", "regions": null } }, { "name": "Upbit", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 33.5, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-11", "type": "hacked, customers reimbursed" }, { "date": "2019-11", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2025-11), −3 customer funds loss (2019-11)", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/11/28/upbit-reveals-5-9b-won-corporate-loss-in-latest-hack-fully-reimburses-users", "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "361 assets (Distinct listed assets across KRW/BTC/USDT markets (official market API)); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://api.upbit.com/v1/market/all" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed user feedback on interface and verification process", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/sg/app/upbit-global/id1439527412" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users report slow, unhelpful, and nearly non-existent customer support", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/upbit.com" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "not available to US users. ", "sources": [ "https://brokerrank.net/broker/upbit/usa" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×1.0 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×0.0 = 3.35 → 33.5% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2025-11", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~44.5B won (~$30M) Solana hot-wallet theft; 38.6B won member losses fully covered from Upbit reserves", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/11/28/upbit-reveals-5-9b-won-corporate-loss-in-latest-hack-fully-reimburses-users", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, { "date": "2019-11", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "342,000 ETH (~$49M) hot-wallet theft; covered", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "South Korea", "us": false, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coincheck", "category": "Exchange", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 33.2, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2018-01", "type": "customer funds loss >48 months ago" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 2.9, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security & track record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1 regulation/licensing cited, −3 customer funds loss (2018-01)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "26 assets (Assets in official exchange_status API); log-scaled vs max 3,600", "sources": [ "https://coincheck.com/api/exchange_status" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed user feedback on interface and functionality", "sources": [ "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/coincheck-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Customer support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Poor customer service and slow response times reported", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/JapanFinance/comments/15b47qx/frustrations_with_coincheck_any_better_options" ] }, { "key": "us_availability", "label": "US availability/regulation", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 0.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9* + 0.167×5.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×0.0* = 3.32 → 33.2% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2018-01", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "~$530M NEM hot-wallet breach; users repaid in yen", "customers_reimbursed": true, "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoexid.com/en/research/security-incident-database/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": [ "Japan crypto-asset exchange service provider, Kanto Finance Bureau No. 00014", "Type 1 Financial Instruments Business, Kanto FIBO No. 3540" ], "insurance": null, "hq": "Japan", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trezor", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 84.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $59 (models: {'Safe 3': 59, 'Safe 5': 129, 'Safe 7': 249}) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −0.25 data breach (2024-01), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-09, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,000 assets (1,000+ (vendor count)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Simple setup, intuitive interface, touchscreen on premium models", "sources": [ "https://cryptorunner.com/reviews/trezor" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Trustpilot aggregate for trezor.io: 4.6/5 TrustScore from 2,022 reviews; replied to 96% of negative reviews (checked 2026-10-11, company-wide support). Score = 10×(4.6−1)/4 = 9.0. Note: email/ticket + chatbot only, no phone support (trezor.io/support).", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trezor.io", "https://trezor.io/support" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Shamir Backup provides advanced multi-share seed recovery options", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/learn/trezor-crypto-wallet-review?msockid=11b07946cadb6f8823336f91cb576ec4" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×8.5 + 0.167×9.2 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.49 → 84.8%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party support portal breach: names/emails of up to 66k support contacts; no seeds/funds", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor advisory / CVE-2025-69893: BIP-39 mnemonic processing side channel (physical access); affects Model One and Model T/Safe 3/Safe 5 on universal firmware with BIP-39 backup; fixed in firmware; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69893", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 59, "models": { "Safe 3": 59, "Safe 5": 129, "Safe 7": 249 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices on trezor.io checked Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trezor Safe 3", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 84.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" }, { "date": "2024-11", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $59 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −0.25 data breach (2024-01), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-09, physical access only, informational), 0 firmware vulnerability (2024-11, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,000 assets (1,000+ (vendor count)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward setup, intuitive interface, and easy to use per multiple reviews", "sources": [ "https://cryptorunner.com/reviews/trezor" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Trustpilot aggregate for trezor.io: 4.6/5 TrustScore from 2,022 reviews; replied to 96% of negative reviews (checked 2026-10-11, company-wide support). Score = 10×(4.6−1)/4 = 9.0. Note: email/ticket + chatbot only, no phone support (trezor.io/support).", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trezor.io", "https://trezor.io/support" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Shamir Backup provides enhanced seed phrase security with multiple shares", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/learn/trezor-crypto-wallet-review?msockid=11b07946cadb6f8823336f91cb576ec4" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×8.5 + 0.167×9.2 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.49 → 84.8%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party support portal breach: names/emails of up to 66k support contacts; no seeds/funds", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor advisory / CVE-2025-69893: BIP-39 mnemonic processing side channel (physical access); affects Model One and Model T/Safe 3/Safe 5 on universal firmware with BIP-39 backup; fixed in firmware; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69893", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" }, { "date": "2024-11", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Donjon showed Trezor Safe 3 supply-chain countermeasures could be bypassed (physical access); Trezor Safe 5 not affected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/donjon-s-trezor-safe-3-evaluation", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 59, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trezor Safe 5", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 77.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $129 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −0.25 data breach (2024-01), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-09, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,000 assets (1,000+ (vendor count)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward setup, intuitive interface, and touchscreen praised in multiple reviews.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/trezor-model-t-cryptocurrency-wallet" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Trustpilot aggregate for trezor.io: 4.6/5 TrustScore from 2,022 reviews; replied to 96% of negative reviews (checked 2026-10-11, company-wide support). Score = 10×(4.6−1)/4 = 9.0. Note: email/ticket + chatbot only, no phone support (trezor.io/support).", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trezor.io", "https://trezor.io/support" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Shamir Backup highlighted as strong security feature across independent reviews for seed recovery.", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/learn/trezor-crypto-wallet-review?msockid=11b07946cadb6f8823336f91cb576ec4" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.9 + 0.167×9.2 + 0.167×7.2 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 7.72 → 77.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party support portal breach: names/emails of up to 66k support contacts; no seeds/funds", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor advisory / CVE-2025-69893: BIP-39 mnemonic processing side channel (physical access); affects Model One and Model T/Safe 3/Safe 5 on universal firmware with BIP-39 backup; fixed in firmware; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69893", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 129, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Tangem", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 76.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.1, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $54.9 (models: 2-card set) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +0.5 partially open-source, 0 firmware vulnerability (2026-07, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://donjon.ledger.com/blog/bypassing-tangem-card-security-with-laser-attack/", "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/lfi-response/", "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "90 assets (90+ blockchains (chains, not coins)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users praise intuitive design and NFC tap simplicity; some connection complaints noted.", "sources": [ "https://uk.trustpilot.com/review/tangem.com?page=2" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user feedback on connection issues; limited independent support details available.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/tangem.com?page=2" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Patented seedless multi-card backup technology highlighted positively in independent review.", "sources": [ "https://www.benzinga.com/markets/cryptocurrency/25/02/43534945/tangem-secures-us-patent-for-seedless-crypto-wallet-backup-technology" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×9.1 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×4.7 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 7.63 → 76.3%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Donjon laser fault-injection attack resets a Tangem card's access code (physical access + ~$250K lab equipment); cards can't be patched; Tangem disputes practicality; no real-world losses known", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/blog/bypassing-tangem-card-security-with-laser-attack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/lfi-response/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 54.9, "models": null, "notes": "2-card set", "sources": [ { "url": "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/", "type": "official (Tangem blog; competitor for SafePal facts)", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ledger", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 71.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "hacked, Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $79 (models: {'Nano S Plus': 79, 'Nano X': 149}) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +0.5 partially open-source, 0 data breach (2020-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost), −3 customer funds loss (2023-12), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "https://shop.ledger.com/products/ledger-nano-s-plus" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "15,000 assets (15,000+ coins/tokens (vendor count; 500+ natively in Ledger Wallet app)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://shop.ledger.com/products/ledger-nano-s-plus" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Apps are simple with clean interface but device navigation feels clumsy without touchscreen.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Broad asset support and Ledger Live enable staking, NFTs, DeFi but some UI complaints and third-party needs.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Standard seed phrase required but optional paid recovery service raises trust concerns.", "sources": [ "https://cncintel.com/is-ledger-wallet-safe" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×6.4 + 0.167×5.5 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.15 → 71.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "E-commerce DB breach: ~1M emails, ~272k detailed customer records leaked; devices/funds unaffected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Ledger Connect Kit supply-chain attack: malicious library version drained ~$600K from users blind-signing on EVM dApps; Ledger committed to make victims whole via a claims process (by Feb 2024)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://support.ledger.com/article/15580506579101-zd", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-12-20-ledger-to-remove-blind-sign-after-connect-kit-exploit-promises-to-return-funds-268627", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "reimbursement_status": "Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletins 023 and 025: Secure SDK command-interleaving flaw (fixed SDK v26.6.1) and Ethereum app swap flow that could sign a token approval without display (fixed in app 1.22.3); device OS unaffected; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/025/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/023/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 79, "models": { "Nano S Plus": 79, "Nano X": 149 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-03" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ledger Nano S Plus", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 71.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "hacked, Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $79 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +0.5 partially open-source, 0 data breach (2020-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost), −3 customer funds loss (2023-12), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "https://shop.ledger.com/products/ledger-nano-s-plus" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "15,000 assets (15,000+ coins/tokens (vendor count)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://shop.ledger.com/products/ledger-nano-s-plus" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward setup and clean interface, though navigation can feel clumsy.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Broad asset support and Ledger Live app praised, with good staking and third-party options.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/best-cryptocurrency-hardware-wallets" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Relies on 24-word recovery phrase but optional paid service raises security concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×6.4 + 0.167×5.5 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.15 → 71.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "E-commerce DB breach: ~1M emails, ~272k detailed customer records leaked; devices/funds unaffected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Ledger Connect Kit supply-chain attack: malicious library version drained ~$600K from users blind-signing on EVM dApps; Ledger committed to make victims whole via a claims process (by Feb 2024)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://support.ledger.com/article/15580506579101-zd", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-12-20-ledger-to-remove-blind-sign-after-connect-kit-exploit-promises-to-return-funds-268627", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "reimbursement_status": "Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletins 023 and 025: Secure SDK command-interleaving flaw (fixed SDK v26.6.1) and Ethereum app swap flow that could sign a token approval without display (fixed in app 1.22.3); device OS unaffected; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/025/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/023/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 79, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "NGRAVE ZERO", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 69.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $398 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://walletinsights.io/en/compare/bitbox02-vs-ngrave-zero/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3,500 assets ('+3 500 coins and tokens' per NGRAVE); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://www.ngrave.io/en/zero" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. ", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/ngrave-review", "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/ngrave-review", "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/ngrave.io" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple user reviews praise responsive and excellent customer service", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/ngrave.io?page=3" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "GRAPHENE stainless steel backup praised as secure and recoverable", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/ngrave-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.3 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.5 + 0.167×8.8 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 6.93 → 69.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 398, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://walletinsights.io/en/compare/bitbox02-vs-ngrave-zero/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "SafePal S1", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 69.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-08", "type": "data breach" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $49.99 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://safepal.com/en/store/s1pro" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, −0.5 data breach (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2026/08/16/crypto-wallet-safepal-reveals-a-data-breach-exposing-nearly-40-000-customers-order-info", "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "200 assets (200+ blockchains (per Tangem blog)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://tangem.com/en/blog/post/tangem-mobile-wallet-vs-safepal/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Users find it easy to use with broad support, though DApp QR scanning can be cumbersome.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/safePal/comments/1daq7bb/can_the_safepal_x1_be_used_with_browser_extension" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Frequent complaints of slow or inadequate responses, with users encountering delays and scams.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/safepal.com" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Standard seed phrase setup with optional secure physical backup board mentioned positively.", "sources": [ "https://www.benzinga.com/money/safepal-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×5.5 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 6.92 → 69.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-08", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "SafePal order-tracking plug-in authorization flaw exposed names, addresses and contact details of 39,798 customers (orders Mar 2025–Apr 2026); SafePal: no seeds, keys or funds affected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2026/08/16/crypto-wallet-safepal-reveals-a-data-breach-exposing-nearly-40-000-customers-order-info", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 49.99, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://safepal.com/en/store/s1pro", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "BitBox02", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 69.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "firmware vulnerability" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $174 (models: Official shop pages showed $174 and $167 on 2026-10-10 (possible promo); Nova model $204) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://shop.bitbox.swiss/en/products/collection/products-1/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-07), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://cryptonews.net/news/security/33358025/", "https://crypto.news/bitbox-patches-wallet-flaws-that-could-install-malicious-firmware/", "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users praise straightforward setup and use, though some note passphrase complexity.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/bitbox.swiss?page=7" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple reviews highlight fast, professional, and helpful customer support.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/bitbox.swiss?page=7" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "MicroSD card backup during setup is simple and allows seed management.", "sources": [ "https://cryptomaan.eu/wallet/bitbox02-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.9 + 0.167×8.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 6.90 → 69.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "BitBox02 USB HID out-of-bounds write (reported by CertiK) fixed in July 'Oeschinen' firmware update; no exploitation reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptonews.net/news/security/33358025/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "BitBox disclosed two severe flaws (memory corruption on unconfigured Multi editions enabling malicious firmware; Silent Payments flaw that could lock BTC to an unintended address); fixed; BitBox: not exploited, no funds lost", "sources": [ { "url": "https://crypto.news/bitbox-patches-wallet-flaws-that-could-install-malicious-firmware/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 174, "models": null, "notes": "Official shop pages showed $174 and $167 on 2026-10-10 (possible promo); Nova model $204", "sources": [ { "url": "https://shop.bitbox.swiss/en/products/collection/products-1/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Switzerland", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trezor Model One", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 67.7, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" }, { "date": "2026-02", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.4, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −0.25 data breach (2024-01), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-09, physical access only, informational), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-02)", "sources": [ "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward setup, intuitive interface, touchscreen aids PIN entry", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/trezor-model-t-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Trustpilot aggregate for trezor.io: 4.6/5 TrustScore from 2,022 reviews; replied to 96% of negative reviews (checked 2026-10-11, company-wide support). Score = 10×(4.6−1)/4 = 9.0. Note: email/ticket + chatbot only, no phone support (trezor.io/support).", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trezor.io", "https://trezor.io/support" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Shamir Backup provides advanced multi-share recovery superior to standard seed phrases", "sources": [ "https://www.nerdwallet.com/investing/learn/trezor-crypto-wallet-review?msockid=11b07946cadb6f8823336f91cb576ec4" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.4* + 0.167×6.2 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 6.77 → 67.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party support portal breach: names/emails of up to 66k support contacts; no seeds/funds", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor advisory / CVE-2025-69893: BIP-39 mnemonic processing side channel (physical access); affects Model One and Model T/Safe 3/Safe 5 on universal firmware with BIP-39 backup; fixed in firmware; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69893", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" }, { "date": "2026-02", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor Model One recovery-flow padding weakness for 12/18-word seeds (repeated checks reveal fake words); mitigated by disabling Standard Recovery for 12/18 words", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/recovery-flow-padding-weakness-on-model-one-with-12-18-words", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": null, "models": null, "notes": "Discontinued Jan 8, 2026 (still supported); no current official price", "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ledger Nano X", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 66.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "hacked, Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $149 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +0.5 partially open-source, 0 data breach (2020-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost), −3 customer funds loss (2023-12), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-01, physical access only, informational), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "https://www.referralplug.co.uk/blog/best-crypto-hardware-wallet-ledger-vs-trezor" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "15,000 assets (15,000+ coins/tokens (vendor count)); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://shop.ledger.com/products/ledger-nano-s-plus" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward with clean apps but navigation feels clumsy without touchscreen.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Broad asset support, staking, DeFi, NFTs and strong app ecosystem noted in reviews.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Standard seed phrase required but optional paid recovery service raises trust concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2023/05/16/ledger-bats-back-criticism-of-new-wallet-recovery-service" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.4 + 0.167×5.5 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 6.65 → 66.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "E-commerce DB breach: ~1M emails, ~272k detailed customer records leaked; devices/funds unaffected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Ledger Connect Kit supply-chain attack: malicious library version drained ~$600K from users blind-signing on EVM dApps; Ledger committed to make victims whole via a claims process (by Feb 2024)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://support.ledger.com/article/15580506579101-zd", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-12-20-ledger-to-remove-blind-sign-after-connect-kit-exploit-promises-to-return-funds-268627", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "reimbursement_status": "Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletin 021 / CVE-2025-15645: missing validation in MCU firmware update could brick Nano X, Flex, Stax; fixed (Nano X 2.4.2, Flex 1.2.2, Stax 1.6.2); Ledger: client funds never at risk", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15645", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletins 023 and 025: Secure SDK command-interleaving flaw (fixed SDK v26.6.1) and Ethereum app swap flow that could sign a token approval without display (fixed in app 1.22.3); device OS unaffected; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/025/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/023/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 149, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trezor Model T", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 66.0, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.4, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.2, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), −0.25 data breach (2024-01), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-09, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Touchscreen, intuitive interface, straightforward setup praised in multiple reviews", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/trezor-model-t-cryptocurrency-wallet" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Trustpilot aggregate for trezor.io: 4.6/5 TrustScore from 2,022 reviews; replied to 96% of negative reviews (checked 2026-10-11, company-wide support). Score = 10×(4.6−1)/4 = 9.0. Note: email/ticket + chatbot only, no phone support (trezor.io/support).", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trezor.io", "https://trezor.io/support" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Shamir Backup provides advanced multi-share recovery, sets it apart from competitors", "sources": [ "https://money.com/trezor-crypto-wallet-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.4* + 0.167×5.2 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 6.60 → 66.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2024-01", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "Third-party support portal breach: names/emails of up to 66k support contacts; no seeds/funds", "sources": [ { "url": "https://blog.trezor.io/trezor-security-update-stay-vigilant-against-potential-phishing-attack-bb05015a21f8", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2025-09", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Trezor advisory / CVE-2025-69893: BIP-39 mnemonic processing side channel (physical access); affects Model One and Model T/Safe 3/Safe 5 on universal firmware with BIP-39 backup; fixed in firmware; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trezor.io/vulnerability/fix-side-channel-in-bip-39-mnemonic-processing-when-unlocked", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69893", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": null, "models": null, "notes": "Discontinued Jan 8, 2026 (still supported); no current official price", "sources": [ { "url": "https://homecryptoinvest.com/articles/trezor-vs-ledger.html", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-05", "says": "official prices checked on trezor.io Oct 5, 2026" }, { "url": "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Keystone 3 Pro", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 63.2, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-04", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $149 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://keyst.one/shop/products/keystone-3-pro" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, 0 firmware vulnerability (2026-04, physical access only, informational)", "sources": [ "https://onekey.so/blog/learn/usb-sdk-vulnerability-hardware-wallet-seed-extraction/", "https://keyst.one/shop/products/keystone-3-pro" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users praise intuitive touchscreen, easy setup and navigation over button-mashing wallets.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/keyst.one?page=2" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed experiences with timely resolutions but also reports of delayed email responses.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/keyst.one?page=2" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Shamir backup offered but criticized as misleading and not matching industry-standard SLIP-0039.", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/keyst.one?page=6" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.4 + 0.167×8.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 6.32 → 63.2% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-04", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Keystone 3 Pro USB SDK flaw allowing seed extraction (requires physical possession, PIN and malicious host); fixed in firmware v2.4.0 (2026-04-01); no exploitation found", "sources": [ { "url": "https://onekey.so/blog/learn/usb-sdk-vulnerability-hardware-wallet-seed-extraction/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 149, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://keyst.one/shop/products/keystone-3-pro", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ellipal Titan 2.0", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 62.5, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $169 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://www.ellipal.com/products/ellipal-titan" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element", "sources": [ "https://www.ellipal.com/products/ellipal-titan-2-0" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Setup is straightforward with intuitive interface and QR code usage, though some users report connection and network errors.", "sources": [ "https://cointelegraph.com/learn/articles/ellipal-titan-2-0-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user experiences with some quick helpful responses but frequent complaints of unresponsiveness and poor handling of issues.", "sources": [ "https://ie.trustpilot.com/review/ellipal.com?page=6" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Strong emphasis on secure offline seed phrase storage with recommended metal backup accessory and clear warnings.", "sources": [ "https://cointelegraph.com/learn/articles/ellipal-titan-2-0-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.0 + 0.167×8.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 6.25 → 62.5% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 169, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ellipal.com/products/ellipal-titan", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": "Ships to 140+ countries" } }, { "name": "Foundation Passport", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 60.8, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $349 (models: Passport Prime price per WalletInsights) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Intuitive interface praised in reviews despite air-gapped friction", "sources": [ "https://www.bitcoinproducts.com/blog/foundation-passport-review-six-months-daily-use" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer service consistently quick and helpful per user feedback", "sources": [ "https://cryptolinks.com/2215/passport" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Secure 24-word seed phrase enables easy recovery on compatible wallets", "sources": [ "https://www.thecryptomerchant.com/blogs/resources/the-ultimate-guide-to-the-foundation-passport-hardware-wallet-a-secure-solution-for-your-bitcoin" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 6.08 → 60.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 349, "models": null, "notes": "Passport Prime price per WalletInsights", "sources": [ { "url": "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ledger Flex", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 52.5, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "hacked, Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $249 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://shop.ledger.com/pages/ledger-flex" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, 0 data breach (2020-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost), −3 customer funds loss (2023-12), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-01, physical access only, informational), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Generally straightforward with clean apps but navigation can feel clumsy without touchscreen.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Ledger Live app is well-regarded for managing assets, staking, and broad usability across platforms.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/best-cryptocurrency-hardware-wallets" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Relies on 24-word seed phrase with optional paid recovery service that has drawn criticism and trust concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2023/05/16/ledger-bats-back-criticism-of-new-wallet-recovery-service" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.0 + 0.167×3.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 5.25 → 52.5% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "E-commerce DB breach: ~1M emails, ~272k detailed customer records leaked; devices/funds unaffected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Ledger Connect Kit supply-chain attack: malicious library version drained ~$600K from users blind-signing on EVM dApps; Ledger committed to make victims whole via a claims process (by Feb 2024)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://support.ledger.com/article/15580506579101-zd", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-12-20-ledger-to-remove-blind-sign-after-connect-kit-exploit-promises-to-return-funds-268627", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "reimbursement_status": "Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletin 021 / CVE-2025-15645: missing validation in MCU firmware update could brick Nano X, Flex, Stax; fixed (Nano X 2.4.2, Flex 1.2.2, Stax 1.6.2); Ledger: client funds never at risk", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15645", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletins 023 and 025: Secure SDK command-interleaving flaw (fixed SDK v26.6.1) and Ethereum app swap flow that could sign a token approval without display (fixed in app 1.22.3); device OS unaffected; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/025/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/023/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 249, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://shop.ledger.com/pages/ledger-flex", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Ledger Stax", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 50.5, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data breach" }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "hacked, Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware vulnerability (physical access only; informational, not scored)" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $399 (models: None) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://shop.ledger.com/pages/ledger-flex" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, 0 data breach (2020-07, >48 months, no customer funds lost), −3 customer funds loss (2023-12), 0 firmware vulnerability (2025-01, physical access only, informational), −0.5 firmware vulnerability (2026-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Straightforward with clean interfaces but navigation can feel clumsy without touchscreen on some models.", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/ledger-nano-x-cryptocurrency-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Ledger Live app is well-rated for usability and asset management with positive user feedback.", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/sg/app/1361671700?see-all=reviews&platform=iphone" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Relies on seed phrase with optional paid recovery service that has drawn criticism for security concerns.", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2023/05/16/ledger-bats-back-criticism-of-new-wallet-recovery-service" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.3 + 0.167×3.5 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×7.5 + 0.167×6.0 = 5.05 → 50.5% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2020-07", "type": "data_breach", "summary": "E-commerce DB breach: ~1M emails, ~272k detailed customer records leaked; devices/funds unaffected", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/message-ledgers-ceo-data-leak", "type": "official" } ] }, { "date": "2023-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "Ledger Connect Kit supply-chain attack: malicious library version drained ~$600K from users blind-signing on EVM dApps; Ledger committed to make victims whole via a claims process (by Feb 2024)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/security-incident-report", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://support.ledger.com/article/15580506579101-zd", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.theblock.co/news/business/2023-12-20-ledger-to-remove-blind-sign-after-connect-kit-exploit-promises-to-return-funds-268627", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "reimbursement_status": "Ledger committed to reimburse" }, { "date": "2025-01", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletin 021 / CVE-2025-15645: missing validation in MCU firmware update could brick Nano X, Flex, Stax; fixed (Nano X 2.4.2, Flex 1.2.2, Stax 1.6.2); Ledger: client funds never at risk", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-15645", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": false, "access": "physical" }, { "date": "2026-08", "type": "firmware_vulnerability", "summary": "Ledger Security Bulletins 023 and 025: Secure SDK command-interleaving flaw (fixed SDK v26.6.1) and Ethereum app swap flow that could sign a token approval without display (fixed in app 1.22.3); device OS unaffected; no funds loss reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/025/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/023/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 399, "models": null, "notes": null, "sources": [ { "url": "https://shop.ledger.com/pages/ledger-flex", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coldcard Mk5", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 49.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2026-07", "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "months_ago": 3, "reimbursed": false }, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $219 (models: Official store price (list $269)) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://coldcard.com/mk5", "https://store.coinkite.com/store/coldcard" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −3 customer funds loss (2026-07)", "sources": [ "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack", "https://coldcard.com/docs/coldcard-mk5/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin-only); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://coldcard.com/mk5" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Improved UX with better display, NFC, and intuitive design noted in reviews.", "sources": [ "https://crypto.news/coldcard-mk5-ships-with-5-major-wallet-upgrades" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user feedback on handling of issues like WiFi bugs and refunds.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/coinkite.com" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. ", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/coinkite.com", "https://www.reddit.com/r/coldcard/comments/18uyzse/anxiety_with_btc_on_ledger_and_coldcard", "https://coldcard.com/compare/coldcard-q-vs-mk5" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×2.3 + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×0.7 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 4.92 → 49.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": false, "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/boazsobrado/2026/08/04/i-did-everything-right-ai-warning-after-116-million-bitcoin-hack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 219, "models": null, "notes": "Official store price (list $269)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coldcard.com/mk5", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Buy Now $219 USD" }, { "url": "https://store.coinkite.com/store/coldcard", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coldcard Mk4", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 47.7, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2026-07", "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "months_ago": 3, "reimbursed": false }, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.4, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, +1.5 secure element, +1 fully open-source firmware, −3 customer funds loss (2026-07)", "sources": [ "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack", "https://coldcard.com/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin-only); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Air-gapped setup and PIN entry add friction but QR/NFC upgrades improve UX over Mk4", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/coldcard/comments/1bzi8e7/coldcard_q_quality_of_life_at_a_price" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Emphasizes seed phrase management and dice-roll entropy for secure backups", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2026/08/04/coldcard-urges-users-to-move-bitcoin-as-active-wallet-exploit-continues" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×3.4* + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×0.7 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.0 = 4.77 → 47.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": false, "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/boazsobrado/2026/08/04/i-did-everything-right-ai-warning-after-116-million-bitcoin-hack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": null, "models": null, "notes": "Mk4 no longer listed on the official Coinkite store (replaced by Mk5 at $219); price unknown", "sources": [ { "url": "https://store.coinkite.com/store/coldcard", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Mk4 not listed" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coldcard Q", "category": "Hardware wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 40.5, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2026-07", "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "months_ago": 3, "reimbursed": false }, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $319 (models: Official store price (list $369)) vs cheapest $49.99", "sources": [ "https://store.coinkite.com/store/coldcard" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −3 customer funds loss (2026-07)", "sources": [ "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin-only); log-scaled vs max 15,000", "sources": [ "https://walletinsights.io/en/hardware-wallets/bitbox02/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Mixed feedback on usability; advanced but complex with some hardware complaints.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/coldcard/comments/s20xnh/understanding_gap_limit_and_limitation_of_250" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. User complaints about unresolved hardware issues and poor response on critical bug.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/coinkite.com" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Strong mentions of microSD encrypted backups and secure notes as key features.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/coldcard/comments/s20xnh/understanding_gap_limit_and_limitation_of_250" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×1.6 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×0.7 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 4.05 → 40.5%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2026-07", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": false, "summary": "Coldcard seed-generation flaw (software PRNG instead of hardware RNG on older firmware) let attackers brute-force seeds; ~$116M in BTC stolen (TRM Labs); fixed firmware since 2026-07-31 but affected seeds must be migrated; Coinkite has not offered reimbursement", "sources": [ { "url": "https://coldcard.com/security/status", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/the-largest-hardware-wallet-exploit-of-2026-inside-the-usd-116-million-coldcard-hack", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/boazsobrado/2026/08/04/i-did-everything-right-ai-warning-after-116-million-bitcoin-hack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 319, "models": null, "notes": "Official store price (list $369)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://store.coinkite.com/store/coldcard", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "COLDCARD Q $319" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Zengo", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 78.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-08", "type": "software vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app (paid Pro tier exists)) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/zengo-crypto-bitcoin-wallet/id1440147115" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +0.5 partially open-source, −0.25 software vulnerability (2023-08)", "sources": [ "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2023/08/09/fireblocks-discloses-zero-day-vulnerabilities-impacting-leading-mpc-wallets", "https://www.fireblocks.com/blog/lindell17-abort-vulnerability-technical-report", "https://zengo.com/security-in-depth/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1,000 assets (380+ tokens (Google Play listing)); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://zengo.com/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple independent sources praise simple UI and ease for beginners and experts.", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/zengo.com" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Positive feedback on 24/7 live chat and quick responses, but some complaints of unhelpful or abrupt support.", "sources": [ "https://nz.trustpilot.com/review/zengo.com" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. MPC eliminates seed phrase but users report migration failures and lost wallets after following support advice.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/zengo.com" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×5.8 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.80 → 78.0%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-08", "type": "software_vulnerability", "summary": "BitForge (CVE-2023-33242) MPC implementation flaws disclosed by Fireblocks affected Zengo; fixed before disclosure; no exploitation reported", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2023/08/09/fireblocks-discloses-zero-day-vulnerabilities-impacting-leading-mpc-wallets", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.fireblocks.com/blog/lindell17-abort-vulnerability-technical-report", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app (paid Pro tier exists)", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/zengo-crypto-bitcoin-wallet/id1440147115", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Zengo: Crypto & Bitcoin Wallet' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Israel (Tel Aviv)", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Edge", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 76.7, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/edge-crypto-bitcoin-wallet/id1344400091" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware", "sources": [ "https://github.com/EdgeApp/edge-react-gui" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.5, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multiple user and review sources highlight intuitive, beginner-friendly mobile interface.", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/best-ripple-wallets" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Consistent praise across user reviews for responsive and helpful customer service.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/edge.app" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Recovery via username/password and questions praised, though some note local encryption with server storage.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/1upjjb8/what_do_you_think_about_edge_wallet" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×3.5* + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 7.67 → 76.7% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/edge-crypto-bitcoin-wallet/id1344400091", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Edge - Crypto & Bitcoin Wallet' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "United States (San Diego)", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Exodus", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 65.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free to download; swap spread built into quote; network fees) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://cryptoslate.com/crypto-wallets/exodus-wallet-review/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element)", "sources": [ "https://cryptoslate.com/crypto-wallets/exodus-wallet-review/" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.5, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Users and reviews consistently praise intuitive UI and simplicity for beginners", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/ExodusWallet/comments/1hkki8i/exodus_vs_trust_wallet" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed feedback with complaints about generic responses, slow service and poor resolution", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/exoduswallet.io" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. 12-word recovery phrase and encrypted backup options are mentioned positively", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/exoduswallet.io" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×5.5 + 0.167×3.5* + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.50 → 65.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free to download; swap spread built into quote; network fees", "sources": [ { "url": "https://cryptoslate.com/crypto-wallets/exodus-wallet-review/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Rabby", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 65.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rabby-wallet-crypto-evm/id6474381673" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware", "sources": [ "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.5, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Positive UX feedback but some onboarding and mandatory steps criticized", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/15kmera/rabby_wallet_ux_analysis" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple complaints about abrupt PulseChain support drop and lack of communication", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/rabby.io?page=8" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/15kmera/rabby_wallet_ux_analysis", "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/rabby-wallet-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×3.5* + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 6.50 → 65.0% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rabby-wallet-crypto-evm/id6474381673", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Rabby Wallet - Crypto & EVM' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "MetaMask", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 63.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free; swaps carry a 0.875% MetaMask fee + gas) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://support.metamask.io/trade/swap/user-guide-swaps/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +0.5 partially open-source", "sources": [ "https://github.com/MetaMask/metamask-extension/blob/main/LICENSE" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "19 assets (Lower bound: 19 networks pre-listed in MetaMask's network selector (Ethereum, Bitcoin, Solana, Tron, Linea, Base, Polygon, BNB Chain, Arbitrum, OP, Avalanche, zkSync Era and more) plus any custom EVM network; total token count not published); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://support.metamask.io/configure/networks/how-to-add-a-custom-network-rpc/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Simplified setup and dApp connectivity praised in reviews", "sources": [ "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/metamask-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users report difficulty contacting support and unhelpful responses", "sources": [ "https://ca.trustpilot.com/review/www.metamask.io?page=6" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "12-word seed phrase required for recovery but must be stored securely offline", "sources": [ "https://money.com/metamask-crypto-wallet-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×4.3 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.38 → 63.8%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free; swaps carry a 0.875% MetaMask fee + gas", "sources": [ { "url": "https://support.metamask.io/trade/swap/user-guide-swaps/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Coinbase Wallet", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 63.8, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-03", "type": "software vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/coinbase-wallet-trade-to-win/id1278383455" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +0.5 partially open-source, −0.25 software vulnerability (2023-03)", "sources": [ "https://zengo.com/zengo-uncovers-security-vulnerabilities-in-popular-web3-transaction-simulation-solutions-the-red-pill-attack/", "https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/news/365533432/ZenGo-finds-transaction-simulation-flaw-in-Coinbase-others", "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.5, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Simplified UI praised for beginners, easy navigation and learning modules.", "sources": [ "https://money.com/coinbase-crypto-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer service is unreliable and hard to reach a human.", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/bg/app/1278383455?see-all=reviews&platform=iphone" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Cloud backup of recovery phrase available via iCloud.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/Coinbase/comments/1e5n11b/icloud_recovery_phrase_backup" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×5.8 + 0.167×3.5* + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.38 → 63.8% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-03", "type": "software_vulnerability", "summary": "Zengo 'red pill' research: transaction-simulation bypass affected Coinbase Wallet among others; fixed; no user funds reported stolen", "sources": [ { "url": "https://zengo.com/zengo-uncovers-security-vulnerabilities-in-popular-web3-transaction-simulation-solutions-the-red-pill-attack/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/news/365533432/ZenGo-finds-transaction-simulation-flaw-in-Coinbase-others", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/coinbase-wallet-trade-to-win/id1278383455", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Coinbase Wallet: Trade to Win' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Atomic Wallet", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 60.0, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2023-06", "summary": "Over $100M stolen from 5,500+ user wallets; attributed to North Korea's Lazarus Group", "months_ago": 40, "reimbursed": null }, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), −3 customer funds loss (2023-06)", "sources": [ "https://www.reuters.com/world/north-korean-hackers-stole-100-million-recent-cryptocurrency-heist-analysts-2023-06-13/", "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "500 assets (500+ assets); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. ", "sources": [ "https://money.com/atomic-wallet-crypto-wallets-review", "https://www.finder.com/cryptocurrency/wallets/atomic-wallet-review", "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/atomicwallet.io?page=9" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user feedback on Trustpilot with both positive responses and complaints of poor resolution.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/atomicwallet.io?page=5" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Emphasized as non-custodial with 12-word phrase giving full user control, but warnings about sharing.", "sources": [ "https://money.com/atomic-wallet-crypto-wallets-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0* + 0.167×2.5 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.9 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 6.40 → 64.0% (* unknown, imputed); capped at 60% (customer funds hacked 2023-06)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-06", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "Over $100M stolen from 5,500+ user wallets; attributed to North Korea's Lazarus Group", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.reuters.com/world/north-korean-hackers-stole-100-million-recent-cryptocurrency-heist-analysts-2023-06-13/", "type": "third_party" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Estonia (company says)", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "BlueWallet", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 59.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bluewallet-bitcoin-wallet/id1376878040", "https://bluewallet.io/" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware", "sources": [ "https://github.com/BlueWallet/BlueWallet" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin + Lightning); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://github.com/BlueWallet/BlueWallet" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Intuitive mobile interface praised for simplicity and beginner-friendliness", "sources": [ "https://money.com/bluewallet-crypto-wallet-review?amp=true" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multiple user complaints about poor or unresponsive customer service", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bluewallet-bitcoin-wallet/id1376878040" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Supports seed phrases and watch-only wallets but some users note recovery limitations", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/BitcoinBeginners/comments/1lnq6in/bluewallet_ou_nunchuk" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×1.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.92 → 59.2%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bluewallet-bitcoin-wallet/id1376878040", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists BlueWallet as Free" }, { "url": "https://bluewallet.io/", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "BlueWallet is a free, open source bitcoin wallet" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Rainbow", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 58.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rainbow-ethereum-wallet/id1457119021" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware", "sources": [ "https://github.com/rainbow-me/rainbow" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 3.5, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Users and reviews praise intuitive, sleek, beginner-friendly design for crypto and NFTs.", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rainbow-ethereum-wallet/id1457119021" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "No live customer support noted; mixed user feedback on response to issues.", "sources": [ "https://www.bitdegree.org/crypto/rainbow-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "User report of backup not working properly leading to access issues.", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/CryptoCurrency/comments/1gp8ij9/avoid_rainbow_wallet" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×3.5* + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×3.0 = 5.83 → 58.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rainbow-ethereum-wallet/id1457119021", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Rainbow - Ethereum Wallet' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Electrum", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 54.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-09", "type": "software vulnerability" }, { "date": "2026-04", "type": "software vulnerability" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Provided at no cost) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://electrum.org/?lang=en" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware, −0.25 software vulnerability (2023-09), −0.5 software vulnerability (2026-04)", "sources": [ "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-9gpc-prj9-89x7", "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-8r85-vp7r-hjxf", "https://electrum.org/?lang=en" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin only); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://electrum.readthedocs.io/en/latest/faq.html" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Easy setup but sharp learning curve and not ideal for beginners", "sources": [ "https://money.com/electrum-crypto-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "No direct support, relies on community forums", "sources": [ "https://money.com/electrum-crypto-wallet-review" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Uses seed phrases for recovery with forced verification", "sources": [ "https://www.techradar.com/reviews/electrum-cryptocurrency-wallet" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×5.8 + 0.167×1.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.47 → 54.7%", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2023-09", "type": "software_vulnerability", "summary": "Electrum security advisories: Lightning payment_preimage validation skipped on Android and partial MPP acceptance; fixed in 4.4.x", "sources": [ { "url": "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-9gpc-prj9-89x7", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-8r85-vp7r-hjxf", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" }, { "date": "2026-04", "type": "software_vulnerability", "summary": "Electrum security advisories: external-plugin authorization bypass (local code execution) and Nostr Wallet Connect spending-limit bypass; fixed in 4.7.2", "sources": [ { "url": "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-vw94-r84p-66qf", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://github.com/spesmilo/electrum/security/advisories/GHSA-q7m2-785w-r585", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ], "remote": true, "access": "remote (malicious host/software/network)" } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "models": null, "notes": "Provided at no cost", "sources": [ { "url": "https://electrum.org/?lang=en", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-10" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": "Berlin, Germany", "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Sparrow", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 53.3, "data_coverage_pct": 67, "limited_data": true, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +1 fully open-source firmware", "sources": [ "https://github.com/sparrowwallet/sparrow" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 1.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1 assets (Bitcoin only); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://sparrowwallet.com/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "", "sources": [ "https://money.com/best-crypto-wallets?apxa1=homepage" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Multisig requires wallet file backup with descriptors beyond just seeds for full recovery", "sources": [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/BitcoinBeginners/comments/14i96t5/sparrow_multisig_wallet_backup" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0* + 0.167×6.5 + 0.167×1.0 + 0.167×5.0* + 0.167×7.5 + 0.167×7.0 = 5.33 → 53.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Phantom", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 52.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "from $0 (models: Free app) vs cheapest $0", "sources": [ "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/phantom-trading-wallet/id1598432977" ] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), +0.5 partially open-source", "sources": [ "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "5 assets (Lower bound: chains named on phantom.com (Solana, Ethereum, Bitcoin, Robinhood, HyperEVM 'and more'); total token count not published); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://phantom.com/" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Mixed user feedback: praised for simplicity by some but criticized for recovery issues and bugs by others.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/phantom.app" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 3.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users repeatedly report unhelpful support that fails to resolve issues like lost funds or bugs.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/phantom.app" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Email recovery feature is flagged as unreliable, leading to lost accounts and funds on device switch.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/phantom.app" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×2.6 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×3.0 + 0.167×4.0 = 5.27 → 52.7%", "facts": { "incidents": [], "fees_notes": null, "price": { "value": 0, "notes": "Free app", "sources": [ { "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/phantom-trading-wallet/id1598432977", "type": "official_app_store_listing", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "says": "Apple App Store (US) lists 'Phantom: Trading Wallet' as Free" } ] }, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "Trust Wallet", "category": "Software wallet", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 42.3, "data_coverage_pct": 83, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": false, "customer_funds_hack": { "date": "2025-12", "summary": "Malicious browser-extension v2.68 published via leaked Chrome Web Store key; ~$8.5M drained from 2,520 addresses", "months_ago": 10, "reimbursed": null }, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-04", "type": "hacked, customers reimbursed" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "price", "label": "Price", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": null, "imputed_score": 5.0, "basis": "not found", "sources": [] }, { "key": "security", "label": "Security", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "base 7, −1.5 hot wallet (no secure element), −3 customer funds loss (2025-12), −3 customer funds loss (2023-04), −3 customer funds loss (2023-07)", "sources": [ "https://trustwallet.com/blog/company/trust-wallet-browser-extension-v268-incident-community-update", "https://thehackernews.com/2025/12/trust-wallet-chrome-extension-hack.html" ] }, { "key": "coins", "label": "Supported coins", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 5.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "40 assets (40+ networks); log-scaled vs max 1,000", "sources": [ "https://cryptostate.wiki/en/articles/best-crypto-wallets-comparison" ] }, { "key": "ease_of_use", "label": "Ease of use", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Users praise simple UI and easy management, though some face later difficulties and high fees.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trustwallet.io" ] }, { "key": "support", "label": "Support", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 2.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Customer reviews (Trustpilot), may skew positive. Multiple reviews report unhelpful, non-existent or unresponsive customer support for scams and issues.", "sources": [ "https://www.trustpilot.com/review/trustwallet.io" ] }, { "key": "backup", "label": "Backup/recovery", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Wallet relies on user-managed recovery phrase for security and retrieval, with warnings to keep it safe.", "sources": [ "https://money.com/trust-wallet-crypto-wallet-review" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×5.0* + 0.167×0 + 0.167×5.4 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×2.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 4.23 → 42.3% (* unknown, imputed)", "facts": { "incidents": [ { "date": "2025-12", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "summary": "Malicious browser-extension v2.68 published via leaked Chrome Web Store key; ~$8.5M drained from 2,520 addresses", "sources": [ { "url": "https://trustwallet.com/blog/company/trust-wallet-browser-extension-v268-incident-community-update", "type": "official" }, { "url": "https://thehackernews.com/2025/12/trust-wallet-chrome-extension-hack.html", "type": "third_party" } ] }, { "date": "2023-04", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": true, "summary": "CVE-2023-31290: Trust Wallet browser extension generated keys with only 32 bits of entropy; exploited Dec 2022 and Mar 2023 (~$170K); Trust Wallet reimbursed affected users", "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ledger.com/blog/funds-of-every-wallet-created-with-the-trust-wallet-browser-extension-could-have-been-stolen", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31290", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] }, { "date": "2023-07", "type": "customer_funds_loss", "customers_reimbursed": null, "summary": "CVE-2024-23660: Trust Wallet iOS used time-seeded randomness for wallet generation; exploited 2023-07-12; Trust Wallet says affected users were notified and migrated; researchers report multiple victims; reimbursement not documented", "sources": [ { "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23660", "type": "official", "as_of": "2026-10-11" }, { "url": "https://milksad.info/posts/research-update-5/", "type": "third_party", "as_of": "2026-10-11" } ] } ], "fees_notes": null, "price": null, "regulation": null, "insurance": null, "hq": null, "us": null, "us_note": null, "regions": null } }, { "name": "EverBank", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 98.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "4.2% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 4.2 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC-insured (EverBank, N.A.). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34775", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34775" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.80 → 98.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 4.2, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC-insured (EverBank, N.A.)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34775", "source_type": "regulator" }, "app_access": { "value": "Mobile and online access", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.everbank.com/banking/performance-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 34775, "legal_name": "EverBank, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34775", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Bread Savings", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 97.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.6, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "4.05% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 4.05 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$1.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-09-30) ⚑ third-party source (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://banktruth.com/bank-reviews/bread-savings" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-07) ⚑ third-party source (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://money8020.com/products/bread-savings/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-07) ⚑ third-party source; FDIC; Comenity Capital Bank (Utah state-chartered). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://money8020.com/products/bread-savings/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57570" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×9.6 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.72 → 97.2%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 4.05, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 1, "as_of": "2026-09-30", "source_url": "https://banktruth.com/bank-reviews/bread-savings", "source_type": "third_party" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-07", "source_url": "https://money8020.com/products/bread-savings/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Comenity Capital Bank (Utah state-chartered)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://savings.breadfinancial.com/products/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-07", "source_url": "https://money8020.com/products/bread-savings/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 57570, "legal_name": "Comenity Capital Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57570", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Wealthfront Cash", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 97.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.55% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.55 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $8,000,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); Not a bank; sweep to FDIC-insured program banks. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: Only SEC action found is Dec 2018 ($250K) — outside 5-year window", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018-300" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.5 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.70 → 97.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.55, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "Not a bank; sweep to FDIC-insured program banks", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 8000000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "app_access": { "value": "Free 24/7 instant withdrawals", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018-300", "source_type": "official" }, "promo": { "value": { "apy": "up to 4.45%", "boost_cap": "$150,000" }, "as_of": "2026-10-01", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/cash", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Bask Bank", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 96.6, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.9% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.9 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.baskbank.com/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.baskbank.com/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.baskbank.com/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Bask Bank is a division of Texas Capital Bank (combined coverage). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.baskbank.com/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34383" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×9.3 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.66 → 96.6%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.9, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Bask Bank is a division of Texas Capital Bank (combined coverage)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "atm_access": { "value": "55,000+ Allpoint ATMs via Bask Interest Checking debit card", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "support_channels": { "value": "Phone 833-260-4320 (7am–7pm), email customersupport@baskbank.com", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 34383, "legal_name": "Texas Capital Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:34383", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "apy": "4.30% (0.40% boost) with checking bundle, up to 6 months, + up to $300" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.baskbank.com/", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Openbank", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 96.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.8% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.8 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.01 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-09) ⚑ third-party source (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/reviews/openbank/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-09) ⚑ third-party source (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/reviews/openbank/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Openbank is a division of Santander Bank, N.A. (combined coverage). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:29950" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Santander Bank N.A. CFPB action Jul 14, 2016 (outside window) Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.60 → 96.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.8, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0.01, "as_of": "2026-10-09", "source_url": "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/reviews/openbank/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 500, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-09", "source_url": "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/reviews/openbank/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Openbank is a division of Santander Bank, N.A. (combined coverage)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "app_access": { "value": "Openbank app required (trusted device)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 29950, "legal_name": "Santander Bank, N.A." }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:29950", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "boost": "0.35% for 6 months (up to 4.15%)", "open_by": "2026-11-03" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.openbank.us/banking/high-yield-savings-account", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Barclays", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 95.4, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "up to 3.65% (Tiered Savings)% APY (as of 2026-10-07). Tiered 'up to' rate. Score = 10 × 3.65 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); Member FDIC. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57203" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.7 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.54 → 95.4%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": "up to 3.65% (Tiered Savings)", "as_of": "2026-10-07", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "Member FDIC", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "support_channels": { "value": "24/7 online access", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://banking.barclaysus.com/online-savings.html", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 57203, "legal_name": "Barclays Bank Delaware" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57203", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Synchrony", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 95.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.5, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.55% APY (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source. ⚠ UNVERIFIED: official page not readable; third-party figure, verify. Score = 10 × 3.55 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/synchrony-bank/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Synchrony Bank. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:27314" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: Only CFPB action found: Jun 19, 2014 (outside window)", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/synchrony-bank-fka-ge-capital-retail-bank/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.5 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.50 → 95.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.55, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/synchrony-bank/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Synchrony Bank", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "atm_access": { "value": "Optional ATM card (Plus/Accel); domestic ATM fee refunds up to $5/cycle", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "app_access": { "value": "Synchrony Bank app; mobile check deposit $2,000/day", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "support_channels": { "value": "Phone 1-866-226-5638 (7am–midnight ET M–F, 8am–5pm Sat–Sun)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/synchrony-bank-fka-ge-capital-retail-bank/", "source_type": "regulator" }, "status_note": { "value": "APY rendered by JS; not captured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.synchronybank.com/banking/high-yield-savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 27314, "legal_name": "Synchrony Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:27314", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "UFB Direct", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 93.6, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 7.8, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.26% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.26 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.ufbdirect.com/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.ufbdirect.com/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.ufbdirect.com/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); . (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:35546", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:35546" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×7.8 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.36 → 93.6%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.26, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:35546", "source_type": "regulator" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "status_note": { "value": "Standard post-promo APY not captured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 35546, "legal_name": "Axos Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:35546", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "apy": "up to 4.01%", "duration": "up to 6 months", "requires": "promo code" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ufbdirect.com/", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Ally", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 92.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.1% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.1 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Ally Bank (cert 57803 per third party). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57803" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. latest CFPB action Dec 20, 2013 Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×7.4 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.28 → 92.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.1, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Ally Bank (cert 57803 per third party)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "atm_access": { "value": "Via Ally checking: 75,000+ no-fee ATMs, up to $10/cycle reimbursement", "as_of": "2026-10-03", "source_url": "https://hansgoldstein.com/hysa-reviews/marcus-vs-ally-hysa-comparison/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "support_channels": { "value": "24/7 phone (877-247-2559), chat, email", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/bank/online-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 57803, "legal_name": "Ally Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57803", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "American Express HYSA", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 92.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.1% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.1 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC member (American Express National Bank). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:27471" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. latest CFPB action Aug 23, 2017 Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×7.4 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.28 → 92.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.1, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC member (American Express National Bank)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "support_channels": { "value": "24/7 phone", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/banking/online-savings/account/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 27471, "legal_name": "American Express National Bank" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:27471", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Betterment Cash", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 92.6, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-04-18", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $9M penalty for tax-loss harvesting misstatements", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.5% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.5 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$10.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-09-21) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $8,000,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); Not a bank; program banks sweep. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 SEC 2023-04-18. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC, FINRA. No newer regulator actions found. A 2026 private class action over cash sweep is pending (allegations only, not counted).", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80", "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.3 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 = 9.26 → 92.6%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.5, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 10, "as_of": "2026-09-21", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "Not a bank; program banks sweep", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 8000000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023-04-18", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$9M penalty for tax-loss harvesting misstatements", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "boost": "0.75% on up to $1M", "ends": "2027-02-15" }, "as_of": "2026-09-21", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/cash-reserve", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "LendingClub (now Happen Bank)", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 92.2, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 7.1, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.0% APY (as of 2026-10-11). Conditions: 4.20% LevelUp Rate requires $250+ in deposits each statement cycle; otherwise 3.00% Standard Rate. Score = 10 × 3.0 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.happen.com/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-11) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Happen Bank, N.A. (formerly LendingClub Bank). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:32551", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:32551" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×7.1 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 9.22 → 92.2%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.happen.com/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs", "source_type": "official" }, "apy_conditions": { "value": "4.20% LevelUp Rate requires $250+ in deposits each statement cycle; otherwise 3.00% Standard Rate", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/legal/deposits/levelup-savings-t-and-cs", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Happen Bank, N.A. (formerly LendingClub Bank)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:32551", "source_type": "regulator" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "status_note": { "value": "lendingclub.com redirects to happen.com — rebrand", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 32551, "legal_name": "Happen Bank, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:32551", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "apy": "4.20", "note": "LevelUp Rate with $250+ monthly deposits (conditional)" }, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.happen.com/personal-banking/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Capital One 360 Performance Savings", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 90.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-01-14", "type": "Regulatory: CFPB: CFPB sued over 360 Savings vs 360 Performance Savings rates; voluntarily dismissed with prejudice 2025-02-27", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://clearinghouse.net/case/48226/" }, { "date": "2026-04-20", "type": "Regulatory: Court (class action): $425M class settlement final approval; appeal pending (4th Cir. 26-1807); 360 Savings rate matched to Performance Savings eff. 2026-08-04", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.capitalone360savingsaccountlitigation.com/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.1% APY (as of 2026-10-11). Score = 10 × 3.1 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-11) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Capital One, N.A.. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:4297" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, 0 CFPB 2025-01-14 (dismissed), −1 Court (class action) 2026-04-20", "sources": [ "https://www.capitalone360savingsaccountlitigation.com/", "https://clearinghouse.net/case/48226/", "https://www.capitalone360savingsaccountlitigation.com/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×7.4 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×9.0 = 9.08 → 90.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.1, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Capital One, N.A.", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone.com/bank/savings-accounts/online-performance-savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "atm_access": { "value": "Physical branches available", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://qz.com/best-high-yield-savings-accounts-2026", "source_type": "third_party" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2025-01-14", "agency": "CFPB", "summary": "CFPB sued over 360 Savings vs 360 Performance Savings rates; voluntarily dismissed with prejudice 2025-02-27", "url": "https://clearinghouse.net/case/48226/" }, { "date": "2026-04-20", "agency": "Court (class action)", "summary": "$425M class settlement final approval; appeal pending (4th Cir. 26-1807); 360 Savings rate matched to Performance Savings eff. 2026-08-04", "url": "https://www.capitalone360savingsaccountlitigation.com/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-03", "source_url": "https://www.capitalone360savingsaccountlitigation.com/", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 4297, "legal_name": "Capital One, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:4297", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Marcus by Goldman Sachs", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 90.6, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-10-23", "type": "Regulatory: CFPB: Goldman Sachs Bank USA consent order (Apple Card): $45M penalty + ≥$19.8M redress; order terminated 2025-09-22", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/goldman-sachs-bank-usa/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.3, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.5% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.5 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Salt Lake City Branch (cert 33124 per third party). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:33124" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −2 CFPB 2024-10-23. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: CFPB, Federal Reserve, FDIC, OCC. No newer actions found; Federal Reserve terminated a 2020 Goldman Sachs Group order in Dec 2025.", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/goldman-sachs-bank-usa/", "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/goldman-sachs-bank-usa/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.3 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×8.0 = 9.06 → 90.6%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.5, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Salt Lake City Branch (cert 33124 per third party)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "atm_access": { "value": "No ATM card; ACH transfers only", "as_of": "2026-09-24", "source_url": "https://www.shopback.com/blog/finance/us-high-yield-savings-ally-vs-marcus-vs-sofi-vs-discover-2026", "source_type": "third_party" }, "support_channels": { "value": "Contact center 24/7", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-10-23", "agency": "CFPB", "summary": "Goldman Sachs Bank USA consent order (Apple Card): $45M penalty + ≥$19.8M redress; order terminated 2025-09-22", "url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/goldman-sachs-bank-usa/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/goldman-sachs-bank-usa/", "source_type": "regulator" }, "referral_program": { "value": "Referrer and new referee each get +1.00% APY boost for 3 months", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.marcus.com/us/en/savings/high-yield-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 33124, "legal_name": "Goldman Sachs Bank USA" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:33124", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Citizens Access", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 89.4, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023", "type": "Regulatory: CFPB: Citizens Bank $9M penalty for unlawful credit card servicing", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-action-require-citizens-bank-pay-9-million-unlawful-credit-card-servicing/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 6.7, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "2.8% APY (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source. ⚠ UNVERIFIED: official page not readable; third-party figure, verify. Score = 10 × 2.8 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/citizens/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/citizens/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC insured. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57957" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 CFPB 2023", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-action-require-citizens-bank-pay-9-million-unlawful-credit-card-servicing/", "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-action-require-citizens-bank-pay-9-million-unlawful-credit-card-servicing/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×6.7 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×9.0 = 8.94 → 89.4%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 2.8, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/citizens/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://yourbestsavings.com/banks/citizens/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC insured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023", "agency": "CFPB", "summary": "Citizens Bank $9M penalty for unlawful credit card servicing", "url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-action-require-citizens-bank-pay-9-million-unlawful-credit-card-servicing/" } ], "as_of": "2023-05", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/archive/newsroom/cfpb-action-require-citizens-bank-pay-9-million-unlawful-credit-card-servicing/", "source_type": "regulator" }, "status_note": { "value": "APY rendered by JS/blocked; not captured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.citizensaccess.com/savings/", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 57957, "legal_name": "Citizens Bank, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:57957", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "CIT Bank Platinum Savings", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 85.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "3.75% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Score = 10 × 3.75 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 5.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$5,000.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-03) ⚑ third-party source (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/savings/best-high-yield-interests-savings-accounts/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); Member FDIC. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:11063", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:11063" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×8.9 + 0.200×5.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 8.58 → 85.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 3.75, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 5000, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "min_opening_deposit": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-03", "source_url": "https://www.bankrate.com/banking/savings/best-high-yield-interests-savings-accounts/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "Member FDIC", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.cit.com/cit-bank/platinum-savings", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:11063", "source_type": "regulator" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 11063, "legal_name": "First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:11063", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Varo", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 82.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 2.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1.0% APY (as of 2026-10-10). Conditions: 3.75% requires DD qualifications; cap $5,000. Score = 10 × 1.0 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; Varo Bank, N.A. (national bank charter). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:59190" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×2.4 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 8.28 → 82.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 1.0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy_conditions": { "value": "3.75% requires DD qualifications; cap $5,000", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; Varo Bank, N.A. (national bank charter)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "referral_program": { "value": "Referral Program exists (page linked from footer); terms not captured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.varomoney.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 59190, "legal_name": "Varo Bank, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:59190", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "SoFi", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 81.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 1.9, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0.8% APY (as of 2026-10-11). Conditions: 3.30% with eligible direct deposit or qualifying deposits; new members up to 4.20% with limited-time 0.90% boost for up to 6 months. Score = 10 × 0.8 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.00 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); FDIC; SoFi Bank, N.A.. (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:26881" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No CFPB enforcement actions in last 5 yrs found in CFPB database search. Other regulators (OCC/FDIC/state) not exhaustively checked", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×1.9 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×9.0 + 0.200×10.0 = 8.18 → 81.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 0.8, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy_conditions": { "value": "3.30% with eligible direct deposit or qualifying deposits; new members up to 4.20% with limited-time 0.90% boost for up to 6 months", "as_of": "2026-09-23", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "FDIC; SoFi Bank, N.A.", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/?title=", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": 26881, "legal_name": "SoFi Bank, National Association" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:26881", "source_type": "regulator" }, "promo": { "value": { "apy": "3.30", "note": "3.30% with eligible direct deposit or $5k deposits/31 days; up to 4.20% with new-member 0.90% boost" }, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/banking/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" } } }, { "name": "Chime", "category": "High-yield savings", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 72.8, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-02-01", "type": "Regulatory: California DFPI: $2.5M penalty for unfair, untimely complaint handling (consent order)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://dfpi.ca.gov/press_release/dfpi-orders-chime-financial-to-pay-2-5-million-improve-customer-service-standards-due-to-unfair-complaint-handling/" }, { "date": "2024-05-07", "type": "Active consent order with consumer restitution: CFPB: $3.25M penalty + ≥$1.3M redress for delayed refunds on closed accounts", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/chime-financial-inc/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "apy", "label": "APY (standard rate)", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 2.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "1.0% APY (as of 2026-10-06). Conditions: Plus: $200 single/$400 cumulative DD; Prime: $3,000+ DD. Score = 10 × 1.0 / best 4.2.", "sources": [ "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "min_balance", "label": "Minimum to earn APY", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0.01 minimum to earn APY (as of 2026-10-06) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→9, ≤$1k→7, ≤$5k→5, more→3)", "sources": [ "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "fees", "label": "Fees", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 monthly fee (as of 2026-10-10) (10 − 2 per $1/mo)", "sources": [ "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/" ] }, { "key": "insurance", "label": "Deposit insurance", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Up to $250,000 coverage (as of 2026-10-10); Not a bank; pass-through FDIC via The Bancorp Bank, N.A. and Stride Bank, N.A. (plus program banks for savings). (≥$1M via program-bank sweep→10, direct FDIC bank $250k→9, pass-through/sweep $250k→8)", "sources": [ "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:[35444, 4091]" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.2, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −2 California DFPI 2024-02-01, −2 CFPB 2024-05-07. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: CFPB, state regulators (DFPI). Added California DFPI 2024; no 2025–2026 actions found. (Nebraska 2024 $5K consent agreement involved Chime Capital, LLC, a lending affiliate — not counted.)", "sources": [ "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/chime-financial-inc/", "https://dfpi.ca.gov/press_release/dfpi-orders-chime-financial-to-pay-2-5-million-improve-customer-service-standards-due-to-unfair-complaint-handling/", "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/chime-financial-inc/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.200×2.4 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×10.0 + 0.200×8.0 + 0.200×6.0 = 7.28 → 72.8%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy": { "value": 1.0, "as_of": "2026-10-06", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "apy_conditions": { "value": "Plus: $200 single/$400 cumulative DD; Prime: $3,000+ DD", "as_of": "2026-10-06", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "min_balance_for_apy": { "value": 0.01, "as_of": "2026-10-06", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "monthly_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "insurer_and_charter": { "value": "Not a bank; pass-through FDIC via The Bancorp Bank, N.A. and Stride Bank, N.A. (plus program banks for savings)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "max_coverage": { "value": 250000, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "app_access": { "value": "Mobile app primary; requires Chime Checking", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.chime.com/savings-account/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-02-01", "agency": "California DFPI", "summary": "$2.5M penalty for unfair, untimely complaint handling (consent order)", "url": "https://dfpi.ca.gov/press_release/dfpi-orders-chime-financial-to-pay-2-5-million-improve-customer-service-standards-due-to-unfair-complaint-handling/" }, { "date": "2024-05-07", "agency": "CFPB", "summary": "$3.25M penalty + ≥$1.3M redress for delayed refunds on closed accounts", "url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/chime-financial-inc/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.consumerfinance.gov/enforcement/actions/chime-financial-inc/", "source_type": "regulator" }, "fdic_cert": { "value": { "cert": [ 35444, 4091 ], "legal_name": "The Bancorp Bank, N.A.; Stride Bank, N.A. (partner banks)" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://api.fdic.gov/banks/institutions?filters=CERT:[35444, 4091]", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Wealthfront", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 88.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-10); options: not found per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$1 (stock account); 0.25% advisory fee for Automated Investing (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, SEP, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: none found (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/retirement" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://support.wealthfront.com/hc/en-us/articles/115003462743-Can-I-transfer-the-securities-in-my-account-to-another-firm" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Wealthfront Brokerage LLC member FINRA/SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.wealthfront.com/legal/disclosure" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: only SEC action found Dec 2018, outside window", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018-300" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 8.84 → 88.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": "$1 (stock account); 0.25% advisory fee for Automated Investing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "SEP", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/retirement", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://support.wealthfront.com/hc/en-us/articles/115003462743-Can-I-transfer-the-securities-in-my-account-to-another-firm", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.wealthfront.com/legal/disclosure", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018-300", "source_type": "official" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "Impact", "payout": null }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.affilitizer.com/programs/wealthfront.com", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 153407, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 0 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/153407", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Fidelity", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 87.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.65 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, SIMPLE (fee schedule), Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: none offered (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "https://gainsumo.com/broker-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (via National Financial Services, Member NYSE, SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No headline SEC/FINRA action in last 5 yrs identified in this pass; BrokerCheck lists 24 regulatory events (all time) — review before publishing", "sources": [ "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/7784" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×7.4 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 8.74 → 87.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.65, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "SIMPLE (fee schedule)", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": null, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://gainsumo.com/broker-fee-comparison/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Yes; Fidelity funds $0; NTF non-Fidelity funds $0 to buy ($49.95 on redemption if held short-term); other transaction-fee funds per schedule", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.fidelity.com/trading/commissions-margin-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/7784", "source_type": "regulator" }, "major_outages": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-08-05", "summary": "Login disruptions during market selloff", "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/online-trading-platforms-down-thousands-users-downdetector-shows-2024-08-05/" }, { "date": "2025-05-12", "summary": "Login outage", "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/fidelity-website-outage-blocks-users-trading-rally-2025-05-12/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/online-trading-platforms-down-thousands-users-downdetector-shows-2024-08-05/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 7784, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 24 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/7784", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Webull", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 86.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-05", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $1.6M for influencer communications supervision failures", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.law360.com/articles/2338179/webull-fined-1-6m-over-lax-influencer-ad-oversight" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "https://www.webull.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.webull.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: 3.5% with Webull Premium; base 1% per third party (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.webull.com/ira", "https://www.webull.com/ira" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$75 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.webull.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.webull.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2025-05", "sources": [ "https://www.law360.com/articles/2338179/webull-fined-1-6m-over-lax-influencer-ad-oversight", "https://www.law360.com/articles/2338179/webull-fined-1-6m-over-lax-influencer-ad-oversight" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.67 → 86.7%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/ira", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "3.5% with Webull Premium; base 1% per third party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/ira", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Mutual Funds offered (menu)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 75, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.webull.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2025-05", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$1.6M for influencer communications supervision failures", "url": "https://www.law360.com/articles/2338179/webull-fined-1-6m-over-lax-influencer-ad-oversight" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.law360.com/articles/2338179/webull-fined-1-6m-over-lax-influencer-ad-oversight", "source_type": "third_party" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "In-house (Webull partner program)", "payout": "third-party reports $20–$70/funded account", "apply_url": "https://act.webullapp.com/mktb/partners/individual" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://act.webullapp.com/mktb/partners/individual", "source_type": "official" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 289063, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 6 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/289063", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Firstrade", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 85.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services", "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.firstrade.com/" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Rollover (as of 2026-10-11); match: none found (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.firstrade.com/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$75 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/options" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No headline SEC/FINRA action in last 5 yrs identified in this pass; BrokerCheck lists 7 regulatory events (all time) — review before publishing", "sources": [ "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/16843" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 8.50 → 85.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.firstrade.com/pricing/en-us", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/pricing/en-us", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 75, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/pricing/special-services", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/trading/options", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/16843", "source_type": "regulator" }, "referral_program": { "value": "Refer a Friend program exists (footer link)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/pricing/en-us", "source_type": "official" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": "Affiliates program exists (footer link); terms not captured", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.firstrade.com/pricing/en-us", "source_type": "official" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 16843, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 7 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/16843", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "E*TRADE", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 84.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.65 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://us.etrade.com/frequently-asked-questions/retirement-planning" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Rollover, SEP, SIMPLE (as of 2026-10-11); match: none found (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/our-accounts" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$75 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (page footer: Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Member SIPC; E*TRADE Securities is a Morgan Stanley entity — verify E*TRADE Securities LLC SIPC on sipc.org); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No headline SEC/FINRA action in last 5 yrs identified in this pass; BrokerCheck lists 93 regulatory events (all time) — review before publishing", "sources": [ "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/29106" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×7.4 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 8.40 → 84.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.65, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/frequently-asked-questions/retirement-planning", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Rollover", "SEP", "SIMPLE" ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/our-accounts", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Yes; $0 commission listed for mutual funds (some fees may apply)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 75, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://us.etrade.com/what-we-offer/pricing-and-rates", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/29106", "source_type": "regulator" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 29106, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 93 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/29106", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "SoFi Invest", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 83.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: SoFi Securities $698,282 re fully paid securities lending (4-firm action)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/wealth/assets/documents/sofi-invest-fee-schedule.pdf", "https://www.sofi.com/wealth/assets/documents/sofi-invest-fee-schedule.pdf" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "5 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/invest/" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, SEP, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: 1% on contributions and rollovers (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/invest/ira/", "https://www.sofi.com/invest/ira/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$100 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://support.sofi.com/hc/en-us/articles/4408306213773-How-do-I-transfer-assets-out-of-my-SoFi-Invest-account-as-an-ACAT" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-11) (SoFi Securities LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.sofi.com/invest/account-protection-sipc/" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2023", "sources": [ "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully", "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.33 → 83.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/wealth/assets/documents/sofi-invest-fee-schedule.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/wealth/assets/documents/sofi-invest-fee-schedule.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 5, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "SEP", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/ira/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "1% on contributions and rollovers", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/ira/", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://support.sofi.com/hc/en-us/articles/4408306213773-How-do-I-transfer-assets-out-of-my-SoFi-Invest-account-as-an-ACAT", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sofi.com/invest/account-protection-sipc/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "SoFi Securities $698,282 re fully paid securities lending (4-firm action)", "url": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully" } ], "as_of": "2023", "source_url": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully", "source_type": "regulator" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "Impact", "payout": null }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.affilitizer.com/programs/sofi.com", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 151717, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 2 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/151717", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Public", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 83.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $528,124 (fully paid lending)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully" }, { "date": "2025-05", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $350,000 influencer supervision (reported)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.investmentnews.com/independent-broker-dealers/finra-penalizes-another-bd-for-social-media-miscues/260683" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://public.com/disclosures/public-customer-relationship-summary" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Crypto IRA (as of 2026-10-10); match: 1% on annual contributions (Traditional & Roth); 4% with Reserve per third party (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://public.com/ira", "https://public.com/ira" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$100 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Open to the Public Investing, Inc. member FINRA/SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://public.com/ira" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2023, −1 FINRA 2025-05", "sources": [ "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully", "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully", "https://www.investmentnews.com/independent-broker-dealers/finra-penalizes-another-bd-for-social-media-miscues/260683" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×8.0 = 8.33 → 83.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/public-customer-relationship-summary", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Crypto IRA" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://public.com/ira", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "1% on annual contributions (Traditional & Roth); 4% with Reserve per third party", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://public.com/ira", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://public.com/disclosures/fee-schedule/", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://public.com/ira", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$528,124 (fully paid lending)", "url": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully" }, { "date": "2025-05", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$350,000 influencer supervision (reported)", "url": "https://www.investmentnews.com/independent-broker-dealers/finra-penalizes-another-bd-for-social-media-miscues/260683" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2023/finra-orders-four-firms-pay-26-million-violations-relating-fully", "source_type": "third_party" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "Everflow", "payout": null }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://linkclicky.com/affiliate-program/public-com/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 127818, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 4 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/127818", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Ally Invest", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 83.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.5 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/", "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 self-directed; $100 robo; $100,000 Personal Advice (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/iras/" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: none found (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/iras/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$50 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Ally Invest Securities LLC member FINRA/SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.ally.com/iras/" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, no actions in last 5 yrs found. Note: No headline SEC/FINRA action in last 5 yrs identified in this pass; BrokerCheck lists 2 regulatory events (all time) — review before publishing", "sources": [ "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/136131" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 = 8.33 → 83.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.ally.com/invest/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.5, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": "$0 self-directed; $100 robo; $100,000 Personal Advice", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/iras/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/iras/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 50, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/invest/commissions-and-fees/", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.ally.com/iras/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/136131", "source_type": "regulator" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 136131, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 2 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/136131", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Merrill Edge", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 82.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: Merrill Lynch $6M AML fine (reported)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.securitieslaw.com/blog/study-finds-finra-disciplinary-actions-rose-while-fines-decreased-in-2024/" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.65 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Inherited (self-directed), SEP/SIMPLE (Guided Investing) (as of 2026-10-10); match: None advertised (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$49.95 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (MLPF&S Member SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2024", "sources": [ "https://www.securitieslaw.com/blog/study-finds-finra-disciplinary-actions-rose-while-fines-decreased-in-2024/", "https://www.securitieslaw.com/blog/study-finds-finra-disciplinary-actions-rose-while-fines-decreased-in-2024/" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×7.4 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.23 → 82.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.65, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Inherited (self-directed)", "SEP/SIMPLE (Guided Investing)" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "None advertised", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Yes", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 49.95, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.merrilledge.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2024", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "Merrill Lynch $6M AML fine (reported)", "url": "https://www.securitieslaw.com/blog/study-finds-finra-disciplinary-actions-rose-while-fines-decreased-in-2024/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.securitieslaw.com/blog/study-finds-finra-disciplinary-actions-rose-while-fines-decreased-in-2024/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 7691, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 613 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/7691", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Betterment", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 81.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-04-18", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $9M tax-loss harvesting", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-10); options: not found per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0; $5/mo under $24K or 0.25%/yr with $200+/mo deposits or $24K+ (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, SEP, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: None advertised (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "https://www.betterment.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$75 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.betterment.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 SEC 2023-04-18. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC, FINRA. No newer regulator actions found. A 2026 private class action over cash sweep is pending (allegations only, not counted).", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80", "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 8.17 → 81.7%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": "$0; $5/mo under $24K or 0.25%/yr with $200+/mo deposits or $24K+", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "SEP", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "None advertised", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 75, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023-04-18", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$9M tax-loss harvesting", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023-80", "source_type": "regulator" }, "referral_program": { "value": "New-client offer up to $2,000 (terms apply)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.betterment.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "Impact (managed by Acceleration Partners)", "payout": null }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.accelerationpartners.com/affiliate-programs/betterment/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 47788, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 2 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/47788", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Charles Schwab", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 79.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-09-02", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $175K fine + censure: failed to report/timely report ~2.8M fractional-share trades (2018–2025)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://fxnewsgroup.com/forex-news/regulatory/finra-imposes-175k-fine-on-charles-schwab-co/" }, { "date": "2025-01-13", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $10M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping failures", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2025/34-102172.pdf" }, { "date": "2022-06-13", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: ~$187M for misleading robo-adviser (Intelligent Portfolios) clients about hidden cash fees", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022-104" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.65 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "https://www.schwab.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.schwab.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, Rollover, SEP, SIMPLE (as of 2026-10-10); match: None (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "https://gainsumo.com/broker-fee-comparison/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$50 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.schwab.com/legal/schwab-pricing-guide-for-individual-investors" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Member SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.schwab.com/pricing" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2026-09-02, −1 SEC 2025-01-13, −2 SEC 2022-06-13. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC enforcement, FINRA disciplinary actions, CFPB. Added SEC Jan 2025 ($10M) and FINRA Sept 2026 ($175K; reported by trade press, FINRA AWC).", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022-104", "https://fxnewsgroup.com/forex-news/regulatory/finra-imposes-175k-fine-on-charles-schwab-co/", "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2025/34-102172.pdf" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×7.4 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.90 → 79.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.65, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "Rollover", "SEP", "SIMPLE" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "None", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://gainsumo.com/broker-fee-comparison/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Yes; $0 on thousands of OneSource funds", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 50, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/legal/schwab-pricing-guide-for-individual-investors", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.schwab.com/pricing", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2026-09-02", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$175K fine + censure: failed to report/timely report ~2.8M fractional-share trades (2018–2025)", "url": "https://fxnewsgroup.com/forex-news/regulatory/finra-imposes-175k-fine-on-charles-schwab-co/", "source_type": "third_party" }, { "date": "2025-01-13", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$10M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping failures", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2025/34-102172.pdf" }, { "date": "2022-06-13", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "~$187M for misleading robo-adviser (Intelligent Portfolios) clients about hidden cash fees", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022-104" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022-104", "source_type": "regulator" }, "major_outages": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-08-05", "summary": "Outage during selloff; vendor issue + volume", "url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/schwab-says-high-volumes-technical-issue-with-key-vendor-triggered-mondays-2024-08-06/" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/online-trading-platforms-down-thousands-users-downdetector-shows-2024-08-05/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 5393, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 59 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/5393", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "M1 Finance", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 78.3, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2024-03", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $850,000 for misleading influencer posts/supervision", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://business.cch.com/srd/FINRAFinesM1Finance319.pdf" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-10); options: Options not offered (as of 2026-10-10) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://m1.com/pricing/", "https://m1.com/pricing/" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 commission; $3/month platform fee unless waived (as of 2026-10-10) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://m1.com/pricing/" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth, SEP, Rollover (as of 2026-10-10); match: None advertised (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://m1.com/pricing/", "https://m1.com/pricing/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$100 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://help.m1.com/en/articles/9332008-how-to-transfer-accounts-out-of-m1" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://m1.com/pricing/" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 9.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2024-03", "sources": [ "https://business.cch.com/srd/FINRAFinesM1Finance319.pdf", "https://business.cch.com/srd/FINRAFinesM1Finance319.pdf" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×9.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×9.0 = 7.83 → 78.3%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": "Options not offered", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": "$0 commission; $3/month platform fee unless waived", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth", "SEP", "Rollover" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "None advertised", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Not offered", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://help.m1.com/en/articles/9332008-how-to-transfer-accounts-out-of-m1", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://m1.com/pricing/", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-03", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$850,000 for misleading influencer posts/supervision", "url": "https://business.cch.com/srd/FINRAFinesM1Finance319.pdf" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://business.cch.com/srd/FINRAFinesM1Finance319.pdf", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 281242, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 3 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/281242", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Interactive Brokers", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 75.7, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2023-09-29", "type": "Regulatory: CFTC: $20M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.cftc.gov/media/9386/enfinteractivebrokerscorporder092923/download" }, { "date": "2023-09-22", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $35M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2023/34-98633.pdf" }, { "date": "2025-09-30", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA/Nasdaq PHLX: Reported $7.75M fine for mismarking options orders", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://nasdaq.com/docs/2025/10/01/Disciplinary-Actions-PHLX-Interactive-Brokers-LLC-09-30-2025_0.pdf" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.4, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: IBKR Lite $0; Pro Fixed $0.005/sh, Tiered $0.0005–0.0035/sh (as of 2026-10-11); options: Fixed $0.65; Tiered $0.15–$0.65 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/accounts/required-minimums.php" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 4.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: IRA (Lite available for IRA) (as of 2026-10-10); match: none shown (as of 2026-10-10) ⚑ third-party source (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "https://usetweed.com/blog/interactive-brokers-ira-review/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$0 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/other-fees.php" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 CFTC 2023-09-29, −2 SEC 2023-09-22, −1 FINRA/Nasdaq PHLX 2025-09-30. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC, FINRA, CFTC, Nasdaq. Added SEC and CFTC Sept 2023 actions (inside 5-year window); no 2026 actions found. PHLX 2025 amount per Nasdaq disciplinary PDF.", "sources": [ "https://nasdaq.com/docs/2025/10/01/Disciplinary-Actions-PHLX-Interactive-Brokers-LLC-09-30-2025_0.pdf", "https://www.cftc.gov/media/9386/enfinteractivebrokerscorporder092923/download", "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2023/34-98633.pdf" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×7.4 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×4.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.57 → 75.7%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": "IBKR Lite $0; Pro Fixed $0.005/sh, Tiered $0.0005–0.0035/sh", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": "Fixed $0.65; Tiered $0.15–$0.65", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/accounts/required-minimums.php", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "IRA (Lite available for IRA)" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": null, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://usetweed.com/blog/interactive-brokers-ira-review/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Yes (Mutual Funds product listed)", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/other-fees.php", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.interactivebrokers.com/en/pricing/commissions-home.php", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2023-09-29", "agency": "CFTC", "summary": "$20M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping", "url": "https://www.cftc.gov/media/9386/enfinteractivebrokerscorporder092923/download" }, { "date": "2023-09-22", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$35M civil penalty for off-channel communications recordkeeping", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/files/litigation/admin/2023/34-98633.pdf" }, { "date": "2025-09-30", "agency": "FINRA/Nasdaq PHLX", "summary": "Reported $7.75M fine for mismarking options orders", "url": "https://nasdaq.com/docs/2025/10/01/Disciplinary-Actions-PHLX-Interactive-Brokers-LLC-09-30-2025_0.pdf" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://nasdaq.com/docs/2025/10/01/Disciplinary-Actions-PHLX-Interactive-Brokers-LLC-09-30-2025_0.pdf", "source_type": "regulator" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 36418, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 92 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/36418", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Vanguard", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 75.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2026-09-23", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $950K fine + censure (Vanguard Marketing Corp.): inaccurate cost-basis info on statements/1099s ~2012–2023", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.investmentnews.com/regulation-legal-compliance/finra-fines-vanguard-950000-over-decade-of-cost-basis-errors/268338" }, { "date": "2025-01-17", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $106.41M re target-date fund capital gains disclosures", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-21" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 1.0 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://investor.vanguard.com/accounts-plans/brokerage-accounts" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Rollover, Roth, SEP, Custodial (as of 2026-10-10); match: None advertised (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://investor.vanguard.com/accounts-plans/iras", "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$100 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Vanguard Marketing Corporation member FINRA/SIPC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −1 FINRA 2026-09-23, −2 SEC 2025-01-17. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC, FINRA, CFPB. Added FINRA Sept 2026 ($950K; reported by trade press, FINRA AWC). SEC 2025 Fair Fund distribution ongoing (not a new action).", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-21", "https://www.investmentnews.com/regulation-legal-compliance/finra-fines-vanguard-950000-over-decade-of-cost-basis-errors/268338", "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-21" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×6.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×7.0 = 7.50 → 75.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 1.0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/accounts-plans/brokerage-accounts", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Rollover", "Roth", "SEP", "Custodial" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/accounts-plans/iras", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "None advertised", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://investor.vanguard.com/client-benefits/investment-fees", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2026-09-23", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$950K fine + censure (Vanguard Marketing Corp.): inaccurate cost-basis info on statements/1099s ~2012–2023", "url": "https://www.investmentnews.com/regulation-legal-compliance/finra-fines-vanguard-950000-over-decade-of-cost-basis-errors/268338", "source_type": "third_party" }, { "date": "2025-01-17", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$106.41M re target-date fund capital gains disclosures", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-21" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-21", "source_type": "regulator" }, "major_outages": { "value": [ { "date": "2024-08-05", "summary": "Access disruptions during selloff", "url": "https://apnews.com/article/charles-schwab-fidelity-vanguard-outage-216a92fdac853d4c6b4caa91dfcbb22d" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/online-trading-platforms-down-thousands-users-downdetector-shows-2024-08-05/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 7452, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 52 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/7452", "source_type": "regulator" } } }, { "name": "Robinhood", "category": "Brokerage & IRA", "vaultrubric_score_pct": 75.0, "data_coverage_pct": 100, "limited_data": false, "eligible_for_pick": true, "customer_funds_hack": null, "incident_notes": [ { "date": "2025-03-07", "type": "Regulatory: FINRA: $26M fines + $3.75M ordered paid to customers (AWC, settled; AML, supervision, disclosure violations)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2025/finra-orders-robinhood-financial-pay-375-million-restitution" }, { "date": "2025-01-13", "type": "Regulatory: SEC: $45M combined penalties (recordkeeping, reporting, cybersecurity etc.)", "regulatory": true, "source": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-5" } ], "criteria": [ { "key": "trading", "label": "Trading costs", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Stocks/ETFs: 0 (as of 2026-10-11); options: 0.5 (as of 2026-10-11) per contract (10 − 4×options fee, −3 if stock commission, −1 if options not offered)", "sources": [ "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20Fee%20Schedule.pdf", "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/trading-fees-on-robinhood/" ] }, { "key": "minimum", "label": "Account minimum", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 10.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "0 (as of 2026-10-11) (≤$1→10, ≤$100→8, ≤$1k→6; −2 if a recurring fee applies)", "sources": [ "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/trading-fees-on-robinhood/" ] }, { "key": "ira", "label": "IRA options", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 7.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Types: Traditional, Roth (as of 2026-10-10); match: 1% standard; 3% with Gold ($5/mo, keep 1 yr); 1% on transfers/rollovers; 5-yr hold (as of 2026-10-10) (3 + 1 per IRA type up to 5 + 2 if standard match ≥1%)", "sources": [ "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/ira-overview/", "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/ira-match-faq/" ] }, { "key": "transfer_out", "label": "Transfer-out fee", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "$100 full transfer-out fee (as of 2026-10-11) ($0→10, ≤$50→8, ≤$75→7, ≤$100→6)", "sources": [ "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20Fee%20Schedule.pdf" ] }, { "key": "protection", "label": "Protection (SIPC)", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 8.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "SIPC member (as of 2026-10-10) (Robinhood Financial LLC & Robinhood Securities LLC); SIPC covers up to $500k incl. $250k cash. Excess (private) coverage not verified, so 8/10.", "sources": [ "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20SIPC%20and%20Account%20Protection.pdf" ] }, { "key": "regulatory", "label": "Regulatory record", "weight": 0.1667, "score_out_of_10": 6.0, "imputed_score": null, "basis": "Base 10, −2 FINRA 2025-03-07, −2 SEC 2025-01-13. Note: Checked 2026-10-11: SEC, FINRA, CFPB. Added FINRA March 2025. A May 2026 SEC no-action letter (Trump accounts) is not an enforcement action.", "sources": [ "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-5", "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2025/finra-orders-robinhood-financial-pay-375-million-restitution", "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-5" ] } ], "score_math": "0.167×8.0 + 0.167×10.0 + 0.167×7.0 + 0.167×6.0 + 0.167×8.0 + 0.167×6.0 = 7.50 → 75.0%", "facts": { "official_url": { "value": "https://robinhood.com/", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20SIPC%20and%20Account%20Protection.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "stock_etf_commission": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20Fee%20Schedule.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "options_per_contract": { "value": 0.5, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/trading-fees-on-robinhood/", "source_type": "official" }, "account_minimum": { "value": 0, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/trading-fees-on-robinhood/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_types": { "value": [ "Traditional", "Roth" ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/ira-overview/", "source_type": "official" }, "ira_match": { "value": "1% standard; 3% with Gold ($5/mo, keep 1 yr); 1% on transfers/rollovers; 5-yr hold", "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/ira-match-faq/", "source_type": "official" }, "fractional_shares": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-09", "source_url": "https://usetweed.com/blog/best-ira-accounts/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "mutual_funds": { "value": "Not offered", "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://robinhood.com/us/en/support/articles/investments-you-can-make-on-robinhood/", "source_type": "official" }, "transfer_out_fee": { "value": 100, "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20Fee%20Schedule.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "sipc_member": { "value": true, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://cdn.robinhood.com/assets/robinhood/legal/RHF%20SIPC%20and%20Account%20Protection.pdf", "source_type": "official" }, "regulatory_actions_5y": { "value": [ { "date": "2025-03-07", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "$26M fines + $3.75M ordered paid to customers (AWC, settled; AML, supervision, disclosure violations)", "url": "https://www.finra.org/media-center/newsreleases/2025/finra-orders-robinhood-financial-pay-375-million-restitution" }, { "date": "2025-01-13", "agency": "SEC", "summary": "$45M combined penalties (recordkeeping, reporting, cybersecurity etc.)", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-5" }, { "date": "2021-06-30", "agency": "FINRA", "summary": "~$70M ($57M fine + $12.6M restitution) incl. March 2020 outages — just outside 5-yr window", "url": "https://www.finra.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/robinhood-financial-awc-063021.pdf" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-11", "source_url": "https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-5", "source_type": "regulator" }, "major_outages": { "value": [ { "date": "2026-06-12", "summary": "Issues during SpaceX IPO trading", "url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-12/robinhood-clients-face-issues-in-early-moments-of-spacex-trading" } ], "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-12/robinhood-clients-face-issues-in-early-moments-of-spacex-trading", "source_type": "third_party" }, "affiliate_program": { "value": { "network": "Impact", "payout": "reported $5/signup, $20/funded account", "url": "https://affiliates.robinhood.com/" }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://commissiondex.com/programs/robinhood/", "source_type": "third_party" }, "finra_crd": { "value": { "crd": 165998, "brokercheck_regulatory_event_count_all_time": 56 }, "as_of": "2026-10-10", "source_url": "https://brokercheck.finra.org/firm/summary/165998", "source_type": "regulator" } } } ] }