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Roth conversion calculator

See how much a Roth conversion would add to your 2026 tax, which bracket it reaches, and how much room is left in your bracket. Uses the IRS 2026 tax rates.

Key facts

The pre-tax part you convert counts as 2026 income.
You can't undo it. Conversions can't be recharacterized after 2017.
Each conversion starts its own 5-year clock for the 10% tax if you take that money out before 59½.
More income can cost more elsewhere: Medicare premiums 2 years later (IRMAA), and credits that phase out.

Roth conversion: extra tax for 2026

Tax filing status

Your 2026 income before converting ($)

Amount to convert ($)

$3,750.00

more tax for 2026 (federal)

Taxable part

$20,000

Top bracket

12% → 22%

Room left in your bracket

$6,500

That's 18.75% of the taxable part in federal tax. Only $6,500 fits in your 12% bracket; the rest is taxed higher.

Show the math

Taxable part: all $20,000 (no after-tax money in your traditional IRAs)
Taxable income before: $60,000 − $16,100 deduction = $43,900
Taxable income after: $43,900 + $20,000 = $63,900
2026 federal tax: $8,770.00 − $5,020.00 = $3,750.00 more
Top federal bracket: 12% before, 22% after
Total extra tax: $3,750.00

More options

Made after-tax (nondeductible) IRA contributions? Enter that basis and what's left in all your traditional, SEP and SIMPLE IRAs on Dec. 31 to apply the Form 8606 pro-rata rule. State tax is a flat example rate.

Your deductions ($, blank = 2026 standard)

After-tax money in your traditional IRAs ($)

Left in all traditional IRAs on Dec. 31 ($)

State income tax rate (%)

Worked examples

Example	Taxable part	Extra federal tax	Bracket
Single, $60,000 income, convert $20,000	$20,000	$3,750.00	12% → 22%
Married filing jointly, $120,000 income, convert $50,000	$50,000	$9,700.00	12% → 22%
Single, $60,000 income, convert $5,000 with the IRS's Rose numbers ($2,300 basis, $20,000 left)	$4,540	$544.80	12% → 12%

Hand check, first row: taxable income $60,000 − $16,100 = $43,900; tax = $1,240 + 12% × ($43,900 − $12,400) = $5,020. After converting: $63,900; tax = $5,800 + 22% × ($63,900 − $50,400) = $8,770. Difference: $3,750.00.

2026 federal brackets (taxable income)

Rate	Single
10%	$0 to $12,400
12%	$12,400 to $50,400
22%	$50,400 to $105,700
24%	$105,700 to $201,775
32%	$201,775 to $256,225
35%	$256,225 to $640,600
37%	$640,600 to and up

Rate	Married filing jointly
10%	$0 to $24,800
12%	$24,800 to $100,800
22%	$100,800 to $211,400
24%	$211,400 to $403,550
32%	$403,550 to $512,450
35%	$512,450 to $768,700
37%	$768,700 to and up

Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32: 2026 tax rate schedules and standard deduction.

What this leaves out

Capital gains, credits, the senior deduction and other items that change with income: this uses your income minus one deduction amount.
The IRS tax table for taxable income under $100,000 works in $50 steps, so a return can differ by a few dollars.
Your state's real rules; enter a flat rate under More options to estimate.

Sources

IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32: 2026 tax rate schedules and standard deduction (checked October 21, 2026)
IRS Publication 590-A: IRA contributions (Worksheet 2-2, deadlines, conversions, no recharacterization) (checked October 21, 2026)
IRS Publication 590-B: IRA distributions (qualified Roth distributions, 5-year rules, RMDs at 73, pro-rata example) (checked October 21, 2026)
IRS Form 8606: Nondeductible IRAs (lines 6 to 11, taxable part of a conversion) (checked October 21, 2026)

Next step: pull up last year's return to estimate your 2026 income, try a few amounts to see where the next bracket starts, and read the conversion rules. Big conversion or near Medicare age? A tax professional can check the full picture.

Education only, not investment, tax or legal advice. We show IRS rules and do math on the numbers you type; we don't tell you what to buy or which account to pick. Your plan's own rules (its summary plan description) can be stricter. No company pays to be on this page, and there are no partner links.

FAQ

How is a Roth conversion taxed?

The pre-tax part you convert is added to your income for the year and taxed at your regular rates. After-tax (nondeductible) money in your traditional IRAs is spread across the conversion by the Form 8606 pro-rata rule.

How much tax on a $20,000 Roth conversion?

It depends on your income and filing status. Example: a single filer with $60,000 of income and the standard deduction pays $3,750.00 more federal tax in 2026, because part of it moves from the 12% to the 22% bracket.

Is there an income limit for Roth conversions?

The Roth IRA income limit applies to contributions. The conversion rules in IRS Pub. 590-A have no income test.

Estimates, not financial advice. Taxes, insurance, PMI and fees vary by lender, county and city; confirm with your lender, dealer and state agency before acting.

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